| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中興大學 === 水土保持學系所 === 102 === In order to promote the communities of energy saving and carbon reduction under the climate change of global warming, the governments are encouraged to plant trees within the area of rural community for the green environment restoration. According to article 12 of Rural Rejuvenation Act, the authorities should subsidize the facilities of reusing water resources, disaster prevention, farm ponds, ecological conservation, environmental greening, landscape maintenance, parks and green areas for those communities that have applied for the rural rejuvenation plans. In addition, according to the article 18 of Rural Rejuvenation Act, the authorities at all levels shall encourage, in accordance with the integrated development requirements of rural communities, to extensively plant trees within the areas of rural communities, and establish green belt with ecological and buffering functions.
This study establishes suitable criteria and indices to assess environment of the rural communities in Taiwan by literature review. Besides, the resources of each related authorities are integrated for the value-added application through the multidisciplinary and the useful information. The policy tools are also derived from exploring the green environment related regulations and/or orders which adopted in the public departments according to reviewing the related Rural Rejuvenation Act. The spatial distribution of carbon storage in entire Taiwan is used to select for subsidizing the priority communities based on green environment type. The hotspots of poor green coverage, environmentally sensitive areas and worse conservation areas are examined through the analysis of green environment changes. Analysis and evaluation of watershed hydrological and topographical factors, depression storage, and soil loss coupling with field survey data are used as the references for priority sites of vegetated buffer strips placement in the rural community.
Communities of Pinghe, Xiangshan, and Lioudong are selected location in this study. The carbon storage of Lioudong community is the best, and Pinghe community is the lowest due to the change of forest coverage. From 1995~2008, there is an increasing trend in the carbon storage for the three communities, Xiangshan community has the maximum value of 656.3 tons. The deterioration index is 0.75 and 0.13 in Pinghe and Lioudong respectively. The spatial dispersion index (SDI) of building, grass and woody is high-high-high in Xiangshan and high-high-medium in Lioudong. The result shows that the distribution of building and vegetation is scatter and interlaced.
According to the placement benefits of vegetated buffer strips in the rural community, the sediment yield, nitrogen and phosphorus could be reduced to 0.59tons, 0.46kg, 0.22kg and the improvement rate was 45.37%, 37.84% and 40.54% respectively in Xiangshan community after placing vegetated buffer strips. The result shows that placement of vegetated buffer strips could help to reduce the concentrations of sediment yield nitrogen, and phosphorus. Additionally, the carbon storage of Xiangshan community and Lioudong community increase 17.1% which is from 93.2 to 116.3 tons per hectare and 18.1％ which is from 108.9 to 128.7 tons per hectare respectively; The value has reached more than the average carbon storage in the slope lands (115.6 ton/ha) after placing vegetated buffer strips.
The extension core and main issue of rural rejuvenation are to construct green environment in the rural community. Under the limitation of the governmental resources, the study uses environmental indices to extract the hotspots and provides the placement strategies of vegetated buffer strips. The results could be as the policy references for green environment construction while promoting rural rejuvenation.
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