| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立政治大學 === 教育研究所 === 102 === In this rapidly changing society, various kinds of global problems have been making an impact on the higher education industry, forcing it to face tough challenges. Among these challenges, declining birthrate problem, which is not a newborn issue, the effect it brought is about to affect the higher education phase. Comparing to the earlier society, due to declining birthrate, cultivating elite has becoming a more prominent issue, which brought more attention to the higher education industry. As a result, when facing a fundamental change of the structure of citizen construction, the direct and modality of education would inevitably do adjustment and modification. Taking Taiwan for example, although higher education nowadays is on its way of universalness, however, facing the Crisis of Enrollment, the excessive expansion of higher education really brought great concern.
On the other hand, Japan was the first Asian country that faces the impact that brought by declining birthrate. In order to deal with this problem, its higher education has already come up with some reaction procedures, which involves some concepts and value that are worth to take a look. Moreover, the impact that declining birthrate brought to higher education in Japan and the reaction strategies it makes are indeed worth researching. Therefore, this thesis aims to analyze influences that higher education in Japan faces, and related decisions it make by using Documentary Analysis, Comparative Research Methods, and Field research. The conclusions are as follows: (a) The main impact from declining birthrate to Japanese higher education comes from the crisis of lack of enrollment, (b) The Japanese government controls the overall quantity of university by school consolidation and making adjustments in the number of recruitment with flexible functions, (c) Using Third-Party Evaluation mechanism to check the quality of higher education, and (d) The implementation of international education, which enhances the competitiveness of Japanese higher education in international competition. After figuring this out, some responsive strategies that may helpful for higher education in Taiwan are proposed.
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