| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 醫學系生物化學科研究所 === 102 === Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) accounts for approximately 90% components of chili pepper fruit. It is often added to foods to enhance flavor and spicy. Previous studies indicate that short-term exposure to capsaicin will cause skin allergies; long-term repeated exposure can analgesic and anti-inflammatory by loss of nociceptive neurons. Allergy is an abnormal immune activation of the reaction by the allergen (non-toxic antigen). Among of all of the hypersensitivity reactions, Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reactions is often associated with the activation of the second type helper T lymphocytes (T helper 2, Th2), it could activate macrophage via long-term stimulus by the same allergen. Recent studies have shown that macrophages can be divided into two subsets, one is the classically activated macrophages (M1), has the role of phagocytosis of pathogens; and the other is the alternatively activated macrophages (M2) play the role is similar to the second type helper T lymphocytes.
Whether capsaicin affect monocyte to differentiate into M1 or M2 macrophages and induced allergies, has not yet been clarified. Therefore, this study was to investigate capsaicin’s effect in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated 30 ?嵱 capsaicin could be promote phagocytosis, macropinocytosis and lysosome expression in THP-1 cell line. Analysis of the macrophage subtype gene expression could be observed that capsaicin slightly induced CD86 of M1 macrophage surface marker, and IFN-γ and iNOS expression, but more significantly induced CD163 of M2 macrophage surface marker, and IL-4, IL-10, Arginase, MMP2 and MMP9 expression. Evidence of capsaicin-induced monocytic differentiation more inclined M2 macrophages. In animal experiments, capsaicin alone or in combination with OXA (Oxazolone) induced allergic mode also observed that, capsaicin could induce ear swelling, and aggravation allergy by OXA co-stimulation. This study indicated capsaicin can induce monocyte differentiation into M2 macrophage, thereby increasing the incidence of allergic reactions.
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