| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔英科技大學 === 保健營養系碩士班 === 102 === There are three factors for management of diabetes mellitus, including diet, exercise and drugs, which complementally optimize glycemic control to avoid or delay the further complications. The dietary factor for management of diabetes includes protions control, food choices and changes in eating behaviors, such as decrease of the frequency of dinging out. Little is known about the association of type 2 diabetes (T2D) between dietary habits. The aim of this study was to find the relationship of glycemic control between dietary contents or dietary habits in T2D patients. The 101 subjects who are outpatients with T2D from a hospital at Kaohsiung Wujia, participated in the government project “Pay-for-Performance Program for Diabetes Care”, and their lifestyle, dietary habit and nutrition intake assessed by questionnaires and 24-hour dietary recall interview. The results significantly showed that hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are positively correlated with the duration of diabetes, kinds of hypoglycemic drug, frequency of dinging out and duration of sleep (r=0.244, 0.341, 0.364, and 0.219, respectively), especially the dinging out frequency of lunch and night snack were positively correlated with HbA1c(r=0.229 and 0.212, respectively). HbA1c is also significantly and negatively correlated with the frequency of regular meal times(r=-0.202), especially negatively correlated with the frequency of regular habit of lunch (r=-0.212). HbA1c is significantly and negatively correlated with dietary vitamin A intake (r=-0.200). The sleep duration is significantly and negatively correlated with vitamin A intake (r=-0.209), but is significantly and positively correlated with HbA1c, fasting glucose, and postprandial glucose (r=0.233, 0.338, and 0.219, respectively). The duration of exercise is significantly and negatively correlated with BMI and total score of dinging out habit (r=-0.198 and -0.241, respectively).The duration of exercise is significantly and positively correlated with the total score of regular dietary habits and the total score of quantitative dietary habits (r=0.411 and 0.338, respectively). As compared with the non-compliant patients, the compliant patients are with higher total score of quantitative dietary habit and regular dietary habits, with lower total score of dinging out habit (p=0.050, 0.057, and 0.002, respectively), and with shorter sleep duration (average 8.34 ± 1.33 vs 9.07 ± 1.71 h; p =0.037). In addition to drug therapy, the glycemia of T2D patients could be improved by reduction in the frequency of dinging out, keeping in regular meal habit, and increase in intake of vitamin A. It is needed further research to confirm the effect of vitamin A on blood glucose.
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