| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 公共衛生學系碩士班 === 102 === Background: Cervical cancer has been one of the major cancers for women in Taiwan for decades. Infections with oncogenic subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) are recognized as the primary casue of cervical cancer. Young adult women who are sexually active are more vulnerable to HPV infection. Before HPV vaccines are widely delivered in Taiwan, it is important to understand HPV positivity and genotypes among young adult women. However, studies on this issue are very limited.
Purpose: This study was aimed to explore HPV positivity and genotypes of women aged 20-30 in Taiwan. The risk factors of HPV infection were also examined in this study.
Method: A cross-sectional design was applied to collect data for this study. Young adult women aged 20-30 were recruited when they visited local obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Taiwan during October in 2012 to December in 2013. A self-administered structured questionnaire was developed to obtain the participants information about risk factors. Questions in the questionnaire included date of birth, marital status, pregnancy records, education and smoking habits, etc. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)and Easychip® HPV Blot were used to detect HPV infections of the participants. SPSS 18.0 for windows was used to analyze HPV infections and their relationships associated with risk factors.
Results: The overall positive rate of any 38 HPV types was 16.3% (150/921). Among positive cases, multiple HPV infection rate was 38.0%. High risk and low risk types of HPV were present in 11.6% and 4.6% of the total sample, respectively. Among different age levels, the positive rate of HPV was highest among 20-24 y.o. (21.5%) followed by 25-27 y.o.(14.4%) and 28-30 y.o.(11.9%). About infection of high risk HPV types, positive rate of high risk HPV types was highest among 20-24 y.o.(15.6%) followed by 25-27 y.o.(10.2%) and 28-30 y.o.(8.2%). The most common high risk types were HPV52 (2.9%), HPV58 (2.1%), HPV16 (1.8%), HPV51 (1.7%), HPV53 (1.2%), HPV56 (1.0%) and HPV18 (0.9%).
Regarding risk factors, older participants (25-30 y.o.) were less likely to have HPV infection than 20-24 y.o. (OR=0.62；95%CI：0.43-0.91). Married women were less likely to have HPV infection than unmarried women (OR=0.56；95%CI：0.33-0.94). Women with smoking habits were more likely to infect with HPV than non-smoking women (OR=2.82；95%CI：1.71-4.60). Compared to participants from central Taiwan, HPV infection were more prevalent among women in northern Taiwan (OR=0.48；95%CI：0.30-0.77).
Conclusion: In our participants, both overall positive rate and positive rate of high risk types were declined with increasing age. The most prevalent HPV types in Taiwan were HPV 52 and HPV 58 which are not the same as those in the western world. Age, marital status, smoking and residing area were significantly associated with HPV infections in this study. Based on our findings, more efforts are needed to promote safe sexual behaviors and smoking cessations, especially among young, unmarried women who live in northern Taiwan.
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