| Summary: | 碩士 === 長榮大學 === 航運管理研究所 === 102 === The opposition of economic development and environmental protection has always been a dilemma. Compared with all the transport modes in the modern society, air transport is seen as a highly energy-consuming one, especially in the context of sustainable development. There is a close relationship between air transport infrastructure and the level of economic development. Airports are usually located in the peripheral metropolitan area, but a few of them are located within their metropolitan area due to the gradual development and expansion of the metropolitan area. The economic benefits an airport brings to a region include employment, industrial upgrading, reduced travel times and other benefits. But as airport traffic continues to grow, its surroundings have to face increasing noise and emissions from aircraft. However, the economic and social costs of aircraft noise and emissions cannot be evaluated directly; so they are less likely to be included in the costs incurred by airport operations.
This study measured the economic benefits and environmental costs of Taipei Songshan Airport for the time period 2006 to 2011. This study used the Location quotient approach and the Garin-Lowry model to quantify the direct and indirect economic benefits resulting from airport operation. The Hedonic Price method and Dose-Response method are used to quantify the costs of noise and emissions brought by aircraft operations.
The results show that the economic benefits of airport operation exceeded the environmental costs, with the greatest difference being in 2006. Indeed, a sensitivity analysis of noise and emission social cost parameters shows that the greatest possible environmental costs are generally lower than the economic benefits. However, this can be inversed if high house prices are coupled with high values for unit social cost of pollutants, as was the case in 2008.
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