| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 戰略暨國際事務研究所 === 102 === Abstract
U.S. "Pivot to Asia" strategy started in 2009. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton declared "The United State is back" and proposed "Forward-Deployed Diplomacy" in 2010. Hillary Clinton published "America's Pacific Centry" article in 2011 which confirmed U.S. "Pivot to Asia" strategy. U.S. focus on the Asia-Pacific region with a new term "Asia-Pacific Rebalancing" in 2012, has implied its determination in checking China’s rising.
The 911 attacks promoted U.S. cooperation with China in global anti-terrorism, but the focus of China came back as U.S. President Barack Obama withdrew U.S. troops from Iraq and Afghanistan after 2009. U.S.’s Pivot to Asia strategy is explicitly indicated by participating in the Asia-Pacific regional forums and organizations, sending additional troops and strengthening military cooperation, and promoting regional economic integration. In response, China's President Xi Jinping proposed "A New Type of Major Country Relationship with the U.S." as an explanation of the relations between China and U.S..
China has strengthen economic cooperation with Southeast Asia in Asia-Pacific region, through promotion of "Greater Makong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program, GMS" and "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership , RCEP") for Increasing China influence. The conflict in East China Sea and South China Sea has driven Japan and the South China Sea claimants to strengthen security cooperation with U.S.. China has considered the disputed islands of East China Sea and South China Sea as its national core interests, so it has taken assertive actions against other claimants.
China used "The New Security Concept" as the theoretical basis for security to comfort neighboring countries, but it unilaterally announced Air Defense Identification Zone in the East China Sea in November 2013. Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA) is the tool of hard power to defend China core interest. Although the PLA enhanced military exchanges with the U.S. , it also developed Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) strategy against U.S "Air-Sea Battle" strategy in the Asia Pacific. The PLA keeps modernizing its armaments, especially the Navy, Air Force, Second Artillery Corps equipment in order to increase the pressure on the U.S. and China’s neighboring countries.
After U.S. "Pivot to Asia" policy started, China's foreign and defense policy goes specific and pragmatic. China and the U.S. relations even continue their constructive partnership, in the meanwhile, both countries also compete for leadership in the Asia-Pacific. In the future, China security policy will still concentrate on response to U.S. rebalancing Asia-Pacific strategy.
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