| Summary: | 碩士 === 元培科技大學 === 醫學檢驗生物技術研究所 === 101 === Breast cancer has been the most common cancer of females in Taiwan for years and is especially prevalent between the ages of 45-49. Breast cancer is therefore a severe health threat to females of the child-raising age group. The primary treatment for breast cancer is surgery and prevention of recurrence or metastasis is achieved via adjuvant hormonal or chemotherapy. Approximately 10-17% of the breast cancer patients have ER (-)/PR (-)/Her-2 (-), or what is known as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The prognosis for TNBC is poor and the lifespan of patients in this group can only be prolonged by traditional chemotherapy. The seeds of longan fruits consist mainly of ellagic acid, and have been proven to exhibit the ability to suppress colon cancer and ER-positive breast cancer cell growth. Previous studies have revealed that polyphenos of longan seeds that contains ellagic acid is able to suppress polyclonal or monoclonal growth of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells and causes cell-cycle arrest and suppression of tumorigenesis protein cyclin D1 expression.
This research utilizes Trypen blue, Rhodamine 123, Annexin-V and Western blot to evaluate the detailed organic molecular mechanisms of cell growth suppression and to investigate if chemotherapeutic agents Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel have synergistic effects.
It has been noted that the IC50 of LSE to suppress TNBC cell growth is approximately 50μg/mL; IC50 of EA is approximately 10μM；IC50 of Doxorubicin is approximately 30nM and IC50 of Paclitaxel is approximately 15nM. These drugs were administered in sequential order according to the respective IC50 and our results revealed that treating TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells with chemotherapeutic agents first and then by adjuvant LSE or EA displayed significant TNBC cell growth suppression.
The synergism can be observed by loss of mitochondrial membrane potentials and Bax/Bcl-2, but no synergism was observed with Annexin-V. Nevertheless, cell apoptosis due to activation of PARP through caspase 3 activation by procaspase 3 productions revealed inconsistent results. Future research can incorporate tests such as TUNEL assay, sub-G1 and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) free radical identification to prove cell apoptosis under such settings. Ovarian cancer is highly associated with breast cancer and synergism has also been observed when ellagic acid was used after chemotherapeutic management. This study aims to provide TNBC patients with a new prevention and treatment strategy.
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