| Summary: | 博士 === 慈濟大學 === 醫學科學研究所 === 101 === Adolescents who suffer from depression can result in serious negative impact on their sleep quality, mood, study achievement, social function and family life. Preventing and treating adolescent depression can reduce depression morbidity in adulthood and expenditure of medical cost. In adolescent population, literature reveal that life stress events would be caused depression and anxiety. Nursing students are full of depression mood even more. But, the studies related to investigate prevalence and relevant factors among nursing students with depressive mood are limited. Studies have shown that music therapy can improve mood and sleep quality, but study related to the effect of Chinese five elements of music therapy on mood in nursing students are limited.
This study divided into two stages. The aim of first stage was to investigate present situation and relevant factors among nursing students with depressive mood. The aim of second stage was to evaluate the effects of group Chinese five elements of music therapy on depression level among nursing students with depressive mood. First stage of the study used a cross-sectional research design. Collect data with the structured questionnaires. 625 subjects nursing students who were aged between 16 to 20 years old was recruited. Descriptive statistics was used to indicate general tendencies in the data, the spread of scores, or a comparison of how one score relates to all others. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was used to analyze relevant factors among nursing students with depressive mood. Second stage of the study used an experimental design. Nursing students who was identified from the first stage survey as having depressive mood was recruited. Sixty participants was randomly assigned to the Chinese music group or control group. Chinese music group received a 40-min group music therapy twice a week for 10 weeks. The control group stayed their usual activities with no group music therapy. The structured questionnaires and cortisol levels was measured at pre-test and tenth week. Cortisol levels increased to measure twice at first and fifth weeks.
These results indicate: (1) The present situation among nursing students with depressive mood was 32.64%. (2) The correlation coefficient about high positive correlation were among depressive mood and state anxiety, depressive mood and sleep quality, stress and state anxiety, depressive mood and stress. (3) Sleep quality, stress and state anxiety were significant predictor nursing students with depressive mood. (4) In the covariance analysis, the post-therapy depression scores were statistically significantly different from the pre-therapy depression scores. This finding indicated a significant difference between the post-therapy depression scores in the music and control groups. (5) The analysis of the main effects showed no significant differences in variation between the two groups, indicating no interaction between the groups. However, the mean differences in cortisol secretion variation within the subjects were significantly different at the four time points, indicating that the secretion of salivary cortisol was associated with the different time points during the music therapy.
This study provides seven conclusions: (1) Among adolescent groups, nursing students in particular are under depressive mood groups. (2) Nursing students with depressive mood, sleep quality, stress and state anxiety are significantly high levels of correlation. (3) Sleep quality, stress and state anxiety were significant predictor nursing students with depressive mood. (4) Ten weeks of the Chinese five-element music therapy has the potential to reduce the level of depression in nursing students with depressed mood. (5) Ten weeks of the Chinese five-element music therapy has the potential to reduce the level of salivary cortisol in nursing students with depressed mood. We expect it for application at nursing education, policy and theory, expanding the knowledge and practice of music therapy.
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