| Summary: | 博士 === 中國文化大學 === 政治學系 === 101 === At the end of the Cold War, most of the world’s countries shifted their focus towards economic development instead of military security. The major objective of foreign policy became the attainment of overall global competitiveness of a sort that combined both armed and commercial strength. Diplomatic strategy was altered from preparing for war to preventing and managing international conflict.
With regard to national defense strategy, in place of purely military diplomacy, the maintenance of national security came to require giving careful attention to political, economic, cultural, environmental, and health issues. Moreover, due to the influence of NGOs and global civil society, modern national defense policy had converted its decision making process from “government to people” to “people to government;” meaning that policy decisions should be based on the will of the citizens. This change required the reformation and alteration of many national defense organizations.
In 2002, in order to defend our nation by constructing military force, we (Republic of China) started to give effect to the National Defense Act and the Ministry of National Defense Organization Act by reforming and adjusting national defense organization, and instituting a policy of Civilian Control. The intent was to fulfill the spirit of modern democracy by developing national defense, and accelerating the revolutionary change of military affairs. Doubtless, there are still many different voices and thoughts from scholars, even though the implementation of the Civilian Control policy was smooth.
Scholars within our nation have generated numerous theoretical discussions of the Civilian Control policy, but relatively few practical evaluations of its effectiveness. Therefore, in this article, there will be several discussions via related literature and theories. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Civilian Control policy, these discussions will focus on aspects of management research, the practice of managing and leadership, and the use of surveys and interviews of scholars. In order to offer guidance regarding the further adjustment of the national defense leadership and command system, the advantages and disadvantages of the Civilian Control policy will be analyzed in this article.
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