| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 公共行政暨政策學系 === 101 === After the end of World War II, the rapid development of emerging economies in East Asia is a classic case of developing countries catching up with the developed countries. However, the change of the environment weakened the policy tools which used by the East Asian economies. Especially East Asian economies suffered from the 1997 Asian financial crisis. However, even though South Korea was the most affected, but South Korea recovery rapidly in short term, and its Information Technology industries to quickly catch up with some developed countries, like West Europe and the United States. I hope to find the answer by studying and analyzing the relation between South Korean government and industry, the rapid development of the IT industry especially.
In the analysis of a country's economic and industrial development, there are two important economic theories: neoclassical school and the theory of developmental state. Neoclassical school continuation of classical school’s perspectives, that in situation of minimal government intervention the economy can achieve the most efficient operation. But neo-classical school knows that the real world is not a perfectly market, government has to intervene market when the market failures; Developmental state theory is observation from the experience of East Asian economies. This theory argued every country should integrate into the world trading system, that is conducive to the economic development of the country, But the situation is not suit for late –late development economies, which economy is unhealthy, backward infrastructure and the education system, the low degree of industrialization and a lack of entrepreneurial spirit, causing these economies into the cycle of poverty. The scholars of developmental state theory believe that only the government to intervene problem can be resolved. Later on, two schools have many debates, triggered the attention of academics.
This article is to review South Korea's industrial development and government intervention by historical research and documentary analysis, making a framework to analyze the development of the IT industry in South Korea and to observe how did the
International environmental influence the policy tools and the role played by government
This study found that the Korean government intervention is to meet the expectation of developmental state theory form 1960 to 1997. After IMF's reform program was adopted by South Korea in 1997, both neoclassical school and the theory of developmental can’t explain the situation of today’s South Korea's industrial development. This article found that the South Korean government belongs to transformation mode now, which is able to adapt to the rapid changes in the industrial development.
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