| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 生命科學研究所 === 101 === The genus Limnophila (Plantaginaceae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, and molecular biological studies. The result shows that 11 species of this genus are indigenous to Taiwan, which include 3 new species, L. pintungensis sp. nov., L. taiwanensis sp. nov. and L. orientalis sp. nov. The new species L. orientalis is divided from the re-circumscribed L. sessiliflora which is also confirmed here to be a newly naturalized species in Taiwan. The new species L. taiwanensis sp. nov. which was considered as L. trichophylla before is extracted from the re-recognized L. trichophylla.
The morphology of venation, leaf shape, calyx, and capsule are the important characters for the classification of Taiwanese genus. Furthermore, the seed surfaces also provide evidences for distinguishing sections and some species. Finally, the phylogenetic relationship within this genus was studied using the cpDNA markers trnL/F, trnG, and ndhF from 19 species sampled in Taiwan and neighboring area. Gratiola and Sesamum are chosen as outgroups. The cladogram of molecular phylogeny revealed three separate lineages corresponding to the sectional grouping of previous studies and could be distinguished by the finely dissected submerged leaves, venation, and calyx striation on mature fruits. The section Limnophila and section Striatae are highly supported monophyletic groups, but section Integrifolieae shows paraphyly.
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