| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺南大學 === 國語文學系碩士班 === 101 === The content of " Bao Xun " can be considered as "the last words before King Wen died
", and it was described when King Wen was at the point of death, by Yu Shun and Shang
Jia Wei on historical examples to emphasiz and explain the thought of Zhong, intending to
teach King Wu to preview " Bao Xun ". Through bamboo slips'' variorum , author
researches the content of bamboo slips in detail, and queries the ancient books spreaded in
the world and unearthed literature about Yu Shang and Shang Jia Weis'' related records of
historical legends. Author thinks that the meaning of" Bao Xun''s Zhong " is " Zhong Dao
thought " from pre-Qin Confucianism to Song－Ming Li Xue, and it was throughout the
whole Chinese thought history.
The story of Yu Shun contained a positive meaning of " Zhong Dao ". Yu Shun wanted
to avoid producing battle because the distribution of interests to the public people was
unfair. In ord to avoid producing battle, which brought tumultuous, and poverty, he
established an obvious "metric demarcation" for people. By this way of right principles
("Zhong Dao "), he eliminated contradictions and conflicts each other. He made people live
in a harmony society, and obeyed the law and had good manners. So this " Zhong Dao "
must establish specific etiquette, and asked people to follow and implement it. In other
words, the " Zhong Dao " must be based on "etiquette" to be implemented, that is " Dao to
social unity" in the chapter of " Xun Zi．Honor and Disgrace " and it is the core values of
Confucian rites.
The story of Shang Jia Wei contained a negative meaning of " Zhong Dao ", when
national tribal originally harmony and inclusive relationship, even suddenly confronted to
force destroy; led to contradictions and conflicts, even occurred disputes leading to war
and slaughter, at this time processing dispute each other still should adheres to "in the
normal way to revenge" of " Zhong Dao ", must not addiction to hatred , manufacture
vendetta and led to vicious cycle, even caused both fail and injury to happen. Because Yo
Yi killed King Hai, the thing is contrary to morals, and it is a violence against the princes,
Shang Jia Wei punished Yo Yi because of the crimes and violence, but it is still Justice. In
other words, the " Zhong Dao " means the practice of "righteousness", as well as the core
values of Confucian rites.
In conclusion, bamboo slips contained two tales of " Bao Xun " , Yu Shun''s Zhong is
"benevolence"；Shang Jia Wei''s Zhong is "righteousness". " Zhong Dao thought" embodies
the specific blend of "benevolence" and "righteousness", and it is the most common and
important political practice for all ancient emperors.
For the sake of "searching for Zhong Dao " and " getting Zhong Dao " ,Yu Shun was
appreciated and inherited the throne from the Emperor Yao; Cheng Tang took over the Xia
dynasty and established the Shang dynasty from the experiences of his ancestors "Shang
Jia Wei ". It can be seen that Yu Shun and Cheng Tang completed construction of national
events from the experience of " Zhong Dao ". So King Wen was at the point of death, he
warned King Wu that he must keep " Zhong Dao " in mind at all times, and reach upon the
end of the target. So King Wen said: "I wish you work hard and do not relax your efforts.
If something sad happens in the future, it won''t hurt you.You finally will gain Da Ming and
inherite the throne from the Shang dynasty. Be reverent！Do not indulge in any sins!
"Zhong Dao "and" inheriting Tian Ming to mount the throne" are associated with very
deep and the importance of "Zhong Dao " is incomparable！
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