| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄師範大學 === 華語文教學研究所 === 101 === Chinese Polymerized Words are a kind of extraordinary structure vocabularies. The situation of semantic generalization of polymerized words is extremely common and deeply cultural. If foreign students can learn polymerized vocabularies, as the Chinese external teaching, it is not only helpful to enhance the Chinese language proficiency but also enhance the understanding and mastering in Chinese culture.
This study is aimed to explore the Chinese four-character polymerized words, meaning and vocabulary and other related issues. Qualitative analysis of information under static state is used as the research methods, and the Amended Reprogramming Mandarin dictionary of the Ministry of Education and the Udndata are the research corpus sources. This paper summarized in 114 Chinese four-character polymerized words, analyzed and discussed them.
The following are about the discoveries of four-character polymerized words. As the formation of vocabularies, which affect the principle of the formation of vocabularies and distribution, the principle of significance account for 15.8%, the principle of semantic opposition account for 32.5% , the principle of semantic intimated account for 14%,the principle of sequence account for 7.9%, the principle of causality account for 4.4%, the principle of cultural restriction account for 14%, and the principle of tone and voice account for 10.6%. In terms of the alteration of the word formation morpheme, the alternate of morphemes account for 53.5%, and the immutable morpheme account for 46.5%. The main results for morpheme changing are requirements of metrical tone, rhetoric, poetic language, cultural psychology, language habits and other factors. As the aspect of lexical meaning, the "holistic significances including literal significances, but the meaning has expended” is the largest number, which account for 77.2%. The following is "non-literal meaning of the holistic significances", accounting for 14.9%. Last is the "holistic significances is the literal significances", accounting for 7.9%. As the aspect of emotional significance, the main meaning is neutral significances, accounting for 75.4%. The following are derogatory significances, accounting for 14.1%, while complimentary senses are the least, accounting for 10.5%. As the aspect of stylistic meanings, the stylistic meaning of the 114 four-character polymerized words can all be considered as written stylistic significance. In terms of the extent of lexicalization, the magnitude of the extent of lexicalization is close to generalized significance and the relationship of transformed words. The vocabularies which meanings are transformed, the magnitude of the extent of lexicalization is the highest. The vocabularies which meanings are generalized, the magnitude of the extent of lexicalization is followed. And the vocabularies which basic literally meanings are retained, the magnitude of the extent of lexicalization is the lowest. As for the cause of which generate the extent of lexicalization, the tightening of the form of four-syllable grid, the non-word morphemes's dependence, the generalized meaning and transformed significances are the internal factors of the language. The external factors of the language are the frequent use and the analogy identification of idioms.
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