| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立新竹教育大學 === 特殊教育學系碩士班 === 101 === Purpose: The data showed that most of students with intellectual disabilities in our country were engaged in manual work. However, most of teaching approaches for vocational education dealt with the cognitive deficits in students with intellectual disabilities. Few articles discussed the intervention for the problems of poor motor abilities in students with intellectual disabilities. Thus, the researcher attempted to combine the vocational education with task-oriented training. The motor skills for the occupation and manual work efficiency were important. In this study, the wiping action was chosen to evaluate the task-oriented vocational training.
Methods: The study applied quasi-experimental design, forty-seven students in the vocational department of special school received either the experimental teaching approach (N=24) or task analysis method (N=23) for ten weeks. The pretest and posttest measurements were made by using two tests, which were the Jacobs Prevocational Skills Assessment and the "Surface Wiping" work sample. "Surface Wiping" is one item of the Work Sample Evaluation System for Individuals with Mental Retardation.
Results: The pretest-posttest comparisons of the "Surface Wiping" work sample showed that the intervention promoted significant improvements in time-taking and error rate for experimental group. The between-group analysis of the “Surface Wiping” work sample revealed significant differences in favor of experimental group for the subjects with poor results in the pretest scores. There were no significant differences in the results of the Jacobs Prevocational Skills between pretest and posttest for the two groups.
Conclusions: The task-oriented vocational training was found to be effective for the performance improvement of wiping action; it also provided a greater improvement for the individuals with poor initial performance of wiping action as compared with task analysis method. However, the training benefits were not found for the functional movements that were excluded from training objectives.
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