| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 微生物免疫與生物藥學系研究所 === 101 === Although the nutrient content has been perfected in balance formula of growth and production of commercial animal feed products but animal feed formula was lack of consideration on polyphenol content which may affect animal health and production performance. Polyphenolic compounds had been extracted from litchi pericarp, there are many studies have been reported that litchi polyphenols exhibit biological activities, such as antioxidant, antiviral, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory functions. However, limited information on the role of polyphenol in avian health and production has been reported. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to supplement litchi pericarp polyphenol (PLP) as feed additives and to accesses the laying hen immune functions and antioxidant status. In the experiment, thirty six 36-weeks-old Lohmann layer hens were randomly divided into 4 treatments including a control (0 ppm) and 1, 10 and 100 ppm litchi pericarp extract groups. All animals were fed ad libitum until the end of experiment and water was freely accessed. Yolk quality was then examined from 3 to 5 weeks. To evaluate cell-mediated immunity, Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was injected subcutaneously and the wattle swelling thickness was measure at 0 and 24 hours. To assess humoral immunity, 2.5% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) in PBS was intravenously challenged to layer on experimental diet for 4 wks to 6 wks and sera were separated to determine for anti-SRBC titer. Blood was collected in heparinized tubes on 6 wks, Activity of catalase, SOD, GPx, lysosome, complement and content of GSH, MDA detected to blood and sera. Separation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell and polymorphonuclear leukocytes determinant of lymphocyte proliferation were assessed by LPS ( B cell ), Con A ( T cell ) and PMA+ION ( Total lymphocyte ), A determinant to proportion of lymphoid populations were used by anti-chicken CD 3, CD4, CD8 and CD 5, phagocytosis assay and the oxygen burst assay were assessed by innate immunity. Dietary supplementation of 10 ppm PLP effectively reduce the blood and egg yolk lipid peroxides (MDA) contents. Moreover, SOD and catalase activities and GSH content in plasma were elevated. The results of the assessment of immunity showed effectively increased wattle swelling thickness and the ratio of CD4 T helper cell populations in animal fed low PLP diet for 6 wks. Animals fed with medium dose of PLP had enhanced mitogens induced lymphocyte proliferation ability and increase antibody production, while high PLP effectively increase the lysozyme activity and Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) induced PMN to increasing oxygen burst capacity. Layers diet supplied with 10 ppm litchi polyphenol extract exhibited optimal effects in improving yolk quality, enhancing immunocompetence and antioxidant status of laying hens.
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