| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 英語學系 === 101 === This thesis explores the roles in John Milton’s Paradise Lost in terms of Jungian Archetypal Psychology. Jungian Archetypal Psychology focuses on the notion of ego and the development and transformation of the human psyche; that is to say, the deepest patterns of psychic functioning become the fundamental fantasies that animate the life. Such the patterns of psychic transformation are called the Archetypes by Jungian terms. For example, one of the applications in Archetypal Psychology is seen in the polytheistic mythology. Thereby, I want to discuss the idea of Jungian Archetypal Psychology by the main roles in Paradise Lost, for the clearer understanding of important and paradoxical concepts of Jungian Archetypes and the transformation of psyche to the readers.
This study consists of five chapters. Chapter One starts with a brief introduction of theory background, the difference between Jung and Freud, motivation, and structure of thesis. Secondly, the critical reviews on the Paradise Lost are offered from the Romantic Period to the Modern criticism, followed by chapter descriptions as an overview of this thesis.
Chapter Two introduces the theory and terms of Jungian Archetypal Psychology, especially the important conceptions of Archetypes. The Archetypes discussed in this chapter are mainly the Archetypes of Father, Mother, Persona, Shadow, Trickster, Anima and Animus, and Old Wise Man.
Chapter Three and Chapter Four explore the main ideas of Jungian theory expressed in Paradise Lost. Chapter Three attempt to discuss the Archetypes of Shadow and Trickster, Father and Old Wise Man, mainly.
Chapter Four meets the Archetypes of Mother, Anima and Animus by discussing the characters in Paradise Lost. Moreover, I also use the example of John Milton’s interaction with the Muse who comes from the epic to illustrate the application of Anima and Animus.
The final chapter is the conclusion that sums up the Jungian Archetypal theory applied in John Milton’s Paradise Lost. The archetypes are necessity for the people to apprehend the human life experiences through the past history of human being. Due to the archetypes are unconscious, we are aware of them through certain typical images which recur in the psyche. Jung believes that a harmony relationship between the conscious and the unconscious are important to the psyche and individual. The individual has to accept the positive and negative side of the psyche to keep the psyche balance and integrated. Hopcke asserts, “The process and result of such a union of opposites is the ability to form for oneself a unified, coherent, and yet uniquely individual personality of depth and richness” (63). It is noticed that the self is the totality of one’s psyche, and it also as both the source and destination of human life. The characters from Paradise Lost display those different kinds of transformations of the human psyche, and the projection of archetypes. It communicates with us by the archetypes, the psyche’s secret language, which spoken to us with its unique voice. The transformation of psyche is meaningful to every one of us in this modern life.
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