| Summary: | 博士 === 國立暨南國際大學 === 社會政策與社會工作學系 === 101 === The Nationalist government and its troop fled to Taiwan after the end of Chinese Civil War. There was a militarily antagonism and any communication was not allowed across Taiwan Straits during the Cold War. To demobilize huge soldiers into Taiwan society, the government established the Veteran Affairs Commission to relocate veteran-mainlanders who are called senior veterans officially. On the normative research level, the study interprets how the value of senior veterans, especially the lower-class veteran-mainlanders welfare should be based on the ethics of care to clarify the state’s responsibility. On the empirical research level, the study analyses the national regulations of veteran-service, measures on employment arrangement, and lower-class veteran-mainlanders’ experiences to figure out contextually the circumstances of the veteran-mainlanders in Taiwan. Furthermore, on the basis of the context, the study explores the practices of caring for lower-class veteran-mainlanders and looks into if the care-giving respond their needs by perspective of justice and care ethics.
The study uses interpretative phenomenological analysis as a strategy to explore the experiences of lower-class veteran-mainlanders and care-giver who work for the Veteran Affairs Commission by depth interview, field observation, and secondary data. The result shows that the veteran-service regulations and arrangement measures in the earlier periods affect the circumstances of the senior veterans later. Then it describes the life experiences of lower-class veteran-mainlanders by categorization and contextualization. The author points no matter in the past or nowadays the lower-class veteran-mainlanders are second citizen in Taiwan despite their honor citizen appellation. The study implies looking on the military as home is not an identification issue, but a social reality which is nothing to do with like or dislike because most of them never get married and are disciplined by institution of veteran service in whole life. Theoretically, state should take the responsibility of care-giving for those people; however, practically in perspective of justice not only arrangement measures in the earlier periods are injustice but also veteran welfare budget distribution in nowadays. Moreover, from the angle of care ethics caring for lower-class veteran-mainlanders is incomplete as well.
The study argues previous discourses view senior veterans as similar so that ignoring the interior severe heterogeneous, therefore, patron-client military welfare model doesn’t fit into the situation of lower-class veteran-mainlanders. The cross-strait cared marriage which lower-class veteran-mainlanders affiliated with mainland spouses through marriage creates a local experience of special type of building up kinship. In addition, state avoids assuming the responsibility in blurring different welfare characters between seniors and recruits in Taiwan. Before the generation of lower-class veteran-mainlanders who are dependent on others for care and support at the end-of-life are going to step into the history, the author provides policy and practice suggestions that includes the suitable social work program.
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