| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 行為醫學研究所 === 101 === The “Value-directed memory” is defined as individual can selectively encode and maintain high-value information. Previous research has suggested that ADHD-C(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type) were less selective than children in the control group and other subtype in terms of the value of the items they recalled (control of memory). The objective of this study was to use recognition and recall tasks to identify the memory stage responsible for the inferior selective memory task performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-combined type (ADHD-C). If the problem occurs during the memory encoding stage, the results should be poor for both the recall and recognition tasks. However, if the problem occurs in the memory retrieval stage, ADHD-C patients should be able to improve their recognition task performance. In addition, because previous studies have indicated that the development of cognitive function is closely related to age, this factor was included in as a variable to investigate the relationship between age and value-directed memory. The research results are listed as follows: (a) school children and undergraduates(i.e., age was used as the variable) showed no significant differences in SI; (b) the selectivity index (SI) for the recall tasks achieved by the ADHD-C group were less than other groups, yet no significant differences were observed for the recognition tasks; and (c)for the recall tasks, working memory capacity and efficiency were two distinct psychological constructs. However, the constructs could not be differentiated during the recognition tasks. Therefore, this study suggests that cognitive strategies employed by the participants for the recognition tasks differed from those for the recall tasks, and SI could not be used to represent the efficiency of working memory during the recognition tasks. Consequently, this supports the hypothesis that selective memory problems occur during the memory retrieval stage for the ADHD-C group. In additions, age does not lead to SI differences in Mandarin-speaking environments, which is incongruent with the results of previous Western studies. This discrepancy may be attributed to cultural factors.
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