| Summary: | 碩士 === 中山醫學大學 === 營養學研究所 === 101 === With the aging of the population, the prevalence of osteoporosis has increased steadily, and the prevention is the most important strategy to manage this disease. The current cross-sectional observational study is conducted to examine the association among behaviors related to osteoporosis prevention, dietary intake, blood levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D and bone density in relatively young adult females. The subjects were female hospital staff at a regional hospital in central Taiwan aged 30-40 years old. DXA was used to assess the subjects’ bone density and body composition, and blood samples were collected for analyzing their levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D status. Subjects’ demographic information, behaviors related to osteoporosis prevention, knowledge of calcium intake, and the awareness and attitude towards prevention of osteoporosis were collected by questionnaire. All subjects were required to provide three-day diet records for the evaluation of their dietary intake.
There were 94 subjects recruited to participate in this study. The mean age was 35.2±3.2years, and the mean daily dietary calcium intake is 371.7 ± 167.2 mg. All subjects didn’t have problems of osteoporosis at lumbar spine and femoral neck. The results of correlation analyses showed that body weight(r=0.375, p<0.001), BMI(r=0.372, p<0.001), the amount of lean body mass(r=0.325, p=0.002) and the carbohydrates intake percentage of total calories(r=0.209, p=0.043) were significantly correlated with lumbar spine bone mineral density. The subjects who exposed to outdoor sunlight longer than 20 minutes daily(p=0.002) and had more body parts exposed to outdoor sunlight had significant higher femoral neck bone mineral density. Body weight(r=0.388, p<0.001), BMI(r=0.423, p<0.001), the total amount of lean body mass(r=0.313, p=0.004), and fat mass at waist(r=0.288, p=0.008) and hip(r=0.233, p=0.032) and total body (r=0.360, p=0.001) were significantly related to femoral neck bone mineral density. Stepwise regression analyses have been performed for collinearity among variables significantly correlated to bone mineral density. The results of the multiple regression analyses showed that weight was significantly correlated with lumbar spine bone mineral density; whereas BMI, time for outdoor sun exposure and age were significantly associated with femoral neck bone mineral density.
In conclusion, it appears that young women should avoid underweight, try to have appropriate outdoor sun exposure and avoid the behaviors which may accelerate bone mass loss for better bone health and possibly for lowering the future risk of osteoporosis.
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