| Summary: | 碩士 === 嘉南藥理科技大學 === 職業安全衛生系暨產業安全衛生與防災研究所 === 101 === Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) has been widely used as an initiator in the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymerization process and also used as a component to manufacture phenol or dicumyl hydroperoxide (DCPO) in acidic or alkaline solution, respectively. CHP is intrinsically unstable and reactive on exposure to heat and incompatible with many incompatibilities. Therefore, several severe fire or explosion incidents have occurred in several countries. Three of four incidents of fire and explosion induced by thermal runaway reactions occurred in the same plant of Nan-Pao Company while it was making CHP between 2003 and 2010, in Taiwan. The last accident was due to the leakage of a return line attached to CHP reactor (OT202) that resulted in a catastrophic damage in reaction area and even spread throughout storage area on January 8, 2010. Hazard properties of CHP have been broadly studied by other researchers, however, consequence analyses about CHP accidents are few until now.
This study used ALOHA(Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) to simulate the threat zones caused by derivative hazards of the related accident of CHP reactor (OT202), to analyze the effect of weather conditions on threat zone, and also to analyze the effects of leakage types on threat zones. Major hazards include toxicity, flammability, thermal radiation (heat), and overpressure (explosion blast force). Those accidental hazards are related to chemical releases that result in toxic gas dispersions, fires, and/or explosions. By contrasting the simulated results to the really accidental destruction, we can estimate the hazard distance caused by CHP explosion, we also expect to establish related preventing procedures and management model to prevent the similar accident from happening again. All these information will be used to provide a safe distance for people involved in disaster rescue and for emergency planning and training.
Simulation results have shown that: First, the threat zone caused by CHP at a flammable concentration of 30%LEL and above confirms that the flame from OT202 reactor did reach the storage area 700；the overpressure did not affect the other areas of the plant except the storage area 700, and both results match the real situations which happened few years ago；Second, weather did affect both the toxic threat zone and flammable threat zone, but showed little or no effect on overpressure threat zone, and even showed no effect on the thermal radiation threat zone；Third, the various conditions of CHP leakages showed significant effects on all threat zones caused
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