| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 解剖學及細胞生物學研究所 === 100 === Osteoporosis is the most prevalent skeletal disorder, characterized by a low bone mineral density (BMD) and bone structural deterioration, leading to bone fragility and fractures. The clinical treatments such as bisphosphnate therapy, hormone replacement therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulators and calcitonin, along with calcium and vitamin D , restoration of patients bone mass and strength has yet been achieved.
Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in the Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord possess stem cell properties and can be cultured in abundance in vitro. These HUMSCs are capable of differentiating into neurogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic cells in vitro. We previously have shown that HUMSCs are viable for at least 4 months after being engrafted into the striatum and spinal cord of rats without the need for immunological suppression, suggesting that HUMSCs is a good stem cell source for transplantation.
In the present study, we want to explore the change of bone tissue after intra-bone marrow transplantation of HUMSCs in the normal and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats.
In vitro, our results showed that the osteoblasts improved HUMSCs Alkaline phosphatase expression, and HUMSCs inhibited osteoclast precursor cells’ differentiation and activity.
In the animal model, we used the female Sprague-Dawley rats that were treated (1) sham with PBS, (2) sham with HUMSCs, (3) OVX with PBS, (4) OVX with PBS.
In this study, we investigated the effect of HUMSCs transplanted into established osteoporosis. 1 month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups and underwent either sham operation or bilateral OVX. Rats were killed, and femur from each group were dissected free of surrounding tissue on the month 1, 2, 3, 4 after operation. Trabecular bone were significantly decreased after OVX 2 months, as assessed by micro-CT scan, Goldner’s trichrome staining, and sirius red staining, compared to sham operation rats.
HUMSCs were transplanted into bone marrow, sham with HUMSCs rats had significantly increased, as assessed by micro-CT scan, Goldner’s trichrome staining, and sirius red staining, compared to sham with PBS group. OVX with HUMSCs show trabecular bone-like tiuuse in the bone marrow shown by H&;E staining, Goldner’s trichrome staining, and sirius red staining . In tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining , osteoclasts were significantly decrease by transplantation into OVXrats. Moreover, we observed osteocalcin expression in both sham with HUMSCs and OVX with HUMSCs groups were higher than the sham with PBS and OVX with PBS groups.
According to our research, transplantation may provide a new approach to rescue ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.
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