| Summary: | 博士 === 臺北市立體育學院 === 競技運動訓練研究所 === 100 === Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the obesity prevalence in different type physical and mental disability children, the relation to physical activity level and factors affecting physical behavior were determined as well. Methods: In this study, we retrospectively tracked 6-years changes of body weight and body mass index (BMI) from schoolchildren in Taipei city. According to the data, schoolchildren were divided into five groups: Normal (N=11125, male: 5436, female: 5689), learning disabilities (N=91, male: 51, female: 40), sensory disabilities (N=56, male: 27, female: 29), physical disabilities (N=88, male: 40, female: 48), and emotional disabilities (N=100, male: 77, female: 23). Results: The results revealed that students with learning disabilities had significantly greater BMI value in 6th grade against their normal counterparts (p<.05). However, students with physical disabilities showed significantly lower BMI value across 3rd to 6th grade than the normal counterparts (p<.05). Male schoolchildren with emotional disabilities showed significantly lower BMI value than their normal counterparts in 1st and 4th grade (p<.05). Schoolchildren with learning disabilities spent less time in indoor static and dynamic physical activity, using computer, reading magazines or books, listening to music, watching TV, and outdoor physical activity against their normal counterparts (p<.05). Schoolchildren with physical disabilities spent more time walking to school, listening to music, making a phone call, and watching TV than normal schoolchildren (p<.05). Schoolchildren with emotional disabilities spent less time listening to music, making a phone call, and watching TV against the normal counterparts (p<.05). Four different type schoolchildren with disabilities tend not to find the partner for exercise. The study demonstrated the degree of obesity to be associated with physical activity level in schoolchildren with physical and mental disabilities. Moreover, we also found that “people support” is a key factor to affect the schoolchildren with physical and mental disability to participate in exercise. Conclusion: According to the results, follow-up measurement in change of body composition and arranging the appropriate physical activity course to these disable schoolchildren for increasing the physical activity level and preventing the obesity prevalence are necessary.
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