| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立聯合大學 === 建築學系碩士班 === 100 === In recent years, the continuous increasing global temperature has caused the sea level to rise, changes in precipitation, and consequently, the Earth’s climate substantially altered. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) of United Nations pointed out that global warming would be more detrimental in Asian countries: the land would become much dryer, floods would occur more frequently, tropical cyclones and typhoons would be much stronger, and not to mention that the frequency of extreme whether conditions such as typhoons, droughts and floods will be much higher than ever. In Taiwan, however, there is no integrated assessment on hazard potential for various types of areas or on building safety. Neither local governments nor community residents have any idea about how vulnerability their area is when attacked by different types of hazards or the hazard potentials. In this study, the researchers took typhoons as an example to analyze the structure in urban buildings of flood hazards vulnerability, and the weight of the parameters. They then used the result to establish the rating of weighted vulnerability index and an assessment method.
This study collected and analyzed data related to flood hazard’s vulnerability, urban flood prevention and used AHP (analytic hierarchy process) to establish parameters for the four levels of urban building’s index of flood hazard vulnerability. Level 1 includes two parts: external environment and the building itself. Level 2 is about nature conditions, regional geographical conditions, building site and flood prevention capacity of building. Level 3 covers thirteen areas: flood depth (within different return period), flood duration, public facilities, land use intensity, socioeconomic data, green area ratio, water permeable pavement, retention and infiltration design, ecological wetlands, rainwater retention facilities, basement entrance design, Mechanical and electrical facilities, and basement flood prevention. Level 4 also covers thirteen areas, which are the hydraulic facilities, road systems, lifelines, land use categories, land development ratio, population, industries, basement entrance-device location, basement entrance-flood prevention gate, electrical and mechanical facilities-location of the facilities and distance from the ground, electrical and mechanical facilities-waterproof treatment, basement flood prevention-waterproof pavement, and basement flood prevention-water pump installation. Together, there are twenty index parameters.
The parameter standard for urban building’s index of flood hazard vulnerability was established according to the discussion above. Items of each urban building’s index were evaluated and selected based on diagrams and information related to the external environment as well as indicators released by local governments. The index was calculated as follows: Each parameter was evaluated and added up, and then the sum was multiplied by the weight of each index. The index rating includes three parts: The total index(E)+(B), the external environment (E) and the building (B).
Next, six buildings from different location and of different type from the demonstration area (Luzhou District, New Taipei City) were selected for computing the urban building’s index of flood hazard vulnerability. The results suggested that when comparing buildings from a same area but with different building conditions, conditions of the building would affect the score of the urban building’s index of flood hazard vulnerability under the same external conditions. On the other hand, when comparing buildings with same building conditions, flood potential data of the external environment would be an important factor affecting the urban building’s index of flood hazard vulnerability.
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