The investigation and control of pests and diseases of Populus spp.

• Main Authors: Wan-Ting Liao, 廖婉婷
• Other Authors: 張祖亮
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2012
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09909158740610043772

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 園藝學研究所 === 100 === The Populus spp. in Taiwan encountered a great difficutlies of a vareity of diseases and pests in the cultivation. Recently, we have analyzed the survey based on the diseases and pests of Poplar sp.. We further identy those survey, and provide the the updated information of our diseases and pests’ investigation from our collected data. In addition, we select those rust and anthracnose that caused more serious hazards to proceed the screening test of control chemicals and essential oils. This study hopes to investigate the issue of diseases and pests of Popalr sp. in Taiwan as the basis of the prevention in the future. We hope that this study can come out with some solutions to solve the current problem of Populus spp. in Taiwan in its cultivation and enhance the production of Populus spp.’s planting quality while facing the industry’s issue. The investigated areas in this study included the National Taiwan University Highland Experimental Farm, Sihhu Township of Yunlin County, Dongshih Township of Yunlin County and Yuanchang Township of Yunlin County. The investigation involved the phenomenon and categorization of Populus spp. in Taiwan endangered of diseases and pests. We collect types of pests from the occurrence of diseases location and the hazards part of the Populus spp. Furthermore, those collections are being separated by its diseases-affecting leaves and roots to proceed the pathogenic isolation, purification and culture. Beside identify the pathogenic form, we also add the step to identify its molecular and inoculation to complete the Koch’s postulate. After we investigate the pests, we identify the pests that full of hazards are: Giant beetles, Zeuzera coffeae Niether, Jacobiasca formosana Paoli, Erthesina fullo Thunberg, Orgyia postica Walker, Clania preyeri Leech, Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann, Aleurodicus disperses hazards and Phyllocnistis citrella Staintain. The giant alternatus species that’s still under identification. On the other hand, we found Rust, Alternaria tenuis Nees, Ophiostoma quercus (Georgev.) Nannf, Anthracnose, Algal spot of poplar, Leaf spot, Sterm blight and Botrytis blight under the diseases identification based on its morphological characteristics, the separation of fungal tissue and molecular identification. We select 29 kinds of bactericides that’s easily pruchased on the market and 23 kinds of essential oils of plant’s leaves and woods in Taiwan to focus on the rust pathogen, Melampsora larici-populina (Kleb) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) for the fungicides and essentail oils screening procedure. We test about the spre germination rate of rust pethogen, the growth inhibition rate and spore germination rate of anthrancnose pathogen mycelial growth all separetly. The pharmaceucal ones that has best control response reaction to the rust pathogen spore germinication inhibition are: Kresoxim-methyl, Boscalid + Kresoxim-methyl, Oxine-copper, Potassium hydrogen carbonate, Pyraclostrobin +Boscalid and essential oil which includes: Leaf Essential oil from Eucalyptus robusta, Leaf Essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis formosensis, Leaf Essential oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum, Leaf Essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Leaf essential oil from Cinnamomum micranthum; and the ones that are best response to the anthrancnose spore germination inhibition are: Kresoxi m-methyl, Hymexazol, Fluazinam, Prochloraz, Mancozeb and essential oils included: Leaf Essential oil from Eucalyptus robusta, Leaf Essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis formosensis, Leaf Essential oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum, Leaf Essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Leaf Essential oil from Juniperus chinensis for further screening of seedling control chemicals and essential oils test. There are 5 kinds of pharmaceutical and 8 kinds of essential oils all perform the best prevent reaction to the rust preventive effect. They are: Kresoxim-methyl, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis formosensis and Leaf Essential oil from Cinnamomum osmophloeum that perform good prevent effect on rust inhibition. Fluazinam, Mancozeb, and Leaf Essential oil from Eucalyptus robusta can help with prevent the occurrence of anthrax. Fluazinam, Prochloraz, Mancozeb, Leaf Essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse, Tree Essential oil from Chamaecyparis formosensis and Leaf Essential oil from Juniperus chinensis can help with prevent the anthrax inhibitory effect.