| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 政治學研究所 === 100 === Entry and Exit Management, as the first fortress of national security, holds undeniable importance to a nation’s overall benefits. The broad objective of this study is to explore the changing trends and causality in Taiwan’s post-war entry and exit policy via political economy analysis based on the perspective of mobilization of bias.
Based on the attributes of Taiwan’s political and economy environments, the history of Taiwan’s post-war entry and exit policy is divided to 4 eras: “Authoritarian Era”, “International Isolation Era”, “Democracy Transformation Era” and “Global Coopetition Era.” This study shows that KMT Government created a closed society and thus a solid ruling basis via a military-intelligence co-controlled entry and exit policy after relocating to Taiwan in 1949. When losing the US support in 1970s, the R.O.C. in Taiwan not only withdrawed from United Nations in 1971, but was since isolated from the international society. In order to regain public support from Taiwanese people, the KMT Government changed to take aim on economic development and managed to open up its control of Taiwan society. This policy change had founded the open operation and modernization of latter entry and exit policy in Taiwan.
After the termination of martial law in 1987, Taiwan was gradually democratized and hence a plural society was formed. Entry and exit policy was reviewed and renewed to match the society’s new needs, and National Immigration Agency was established in 2007 to take charge of border control and immigration affairs. Now that Taiwan has stepped into democracy consolidation after the second party alternation in power in 2008. However, despite the achievement of democratization, what awaited the KMT Ma government are new challenges of global crimes, terrorist attacks, pressure from international politics and the changing cross-strait relations. With challenges above, Taiwan’s entry and exit management is continuously specialized, adopting state-of-the-art technologies to construct large international information systems.
In conclusion, this study not only collates influencing factors of entry and exit policy changes but predicts potential challenges to Taiwan’s entry and exit management by referring to future prediction reports from domestic and international think tanks. Suggestions for the National Immigration Agency and decision-makers are outlined as follow: (1) Strengthening risk management capacity, (2) Enhancing future prediction and improving policy quality by scenario-based decision making, (3) Assisting policy coordination by a higher level decision-making mechanism (EY level or National-Security level), (4) Improving quality of personnel and management mechanisms.
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