| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立新竹教育大學 === 人資處社會學習領域碩士班 === 100 === The study selected Miaoli Street from the Japanese Ruling Period as the study site, adopting research path of historical geology and from national power, major infrastructure and industrial development to discuss the influence of the different dimensions on settlement development. The research method is based on the collection and analysis of the aforementioned relevant literature, aided by the map interpretation from different time to produce map on relevant data needed for the research, in addition to analyzing the process of development and change in settlement through in-field investigation.
The administrative district of the study during the Japanese Ruling Period changed frequently up to eight times. The administrative district of Miaoli today was formed since 1920 up to date. Except for the administrative division from 1901 – 1908, the Miaoli street served as the governing site of Miaoli Hall while serving as first-class administrative political center. The establishment and abolishment of Miaoli Hall affected the commercial climate and popularity of Miaoli Street, indicating the great influence of operation in national power on local development. Miaoli Street (Miaolia Da Zi) during the Japanese Ruling Period served as the core to politics, economics and transportation for nearby neighborhoods, where governmental agencies mostly centralized on the two sides of today’s Zhongzheng Road under the planning of the colonial government at the time, leading to further expansion and prosperity in the settlement. Between Sheliaogangzhuang of Norther Miaoli was the emerging region prospering due to the establishment of Miaoli train station, pushing streets of Southern Miaoli to expand northwards from south. There were two urban corrections on Miaoli Street during the Japanese period that led to changes in the settlement models, where the previously narrow and small streets were expanded in width and the curve became straight lines, increasing space of streets. The architecture was mostly remodeled into Baroque two-story houses with washed granolithic finish and traditional finish housing gradually disappeared. It was a pity that the street plan of Miaoli Street was more negative with did not advocate the formation of emerging district through urban correction program with the exception of extending and slightly widening the original roads.
The Japanese Ruling Period has significantly affected the settlement development in infrastructure specifically with the irrigation facilities and transportation construction. The roads and private light rails have delivered the agricultural products such as rice and sugar cane grown on the plain area in Miaoli as well as the petroleum, camphor, coal produced in neighboring mountains for sales at Miaoli Street. The railway was the major outbound transport and the establishment of Miaoli train station has smoothed the transportation of cargo and accelerated commercial development. The convenience of transportation has more prosperity to the development of Miaoli Street compared to the neighboring areas. With regards to irrigation construction, the only Picun-Gueishan Dapochun from the study site was remediated and regulated. Although the acreage of farmland did not increase substantially, the difficulty in privately operated Picun has been solved under the regulation policy of Picun, hence the agriculture can increase rice productivity without concerns for water irrigation while land maintenance increased to drive the development of the overall settlement.
Foe agricultural development, the proportion of households engaging in “public service” and “commerce” in the study site was far higher than the neighborhoods, serving as the political and commercial center of the surrounding neighborhoods at the time. Among which, Miaoli Street (Miaoli Da Zi) was the most prosperous area of the study site. Although the types of crops were few, namly the rice and sugar cane that accounted for the majority of crops, the agriculture took advantage of the elite plain sites of Miaoli and hence the rice productivity compared with the surrounding neighborhoods was considered relatively high. Industry in this site was not flourishing and with the exception of Miaoli Sugar Plant and the oil refinery of Petroleum Association, others merely comprised of small-scale agricultural processing plants and consumer goods plants. The commerce extended from the most popular area since Qing Dynasty at Southern Miaoli. The establishment of Miaoli train station has driven the commercial prosperity of Northern Miaoli. The rise of mine field at nearby Gongguanzhuang and the Jingshui Petroleum industry in Zhaoqiaozhuang has driven Sheliaogangzhuang to take advantage in the distribution of petroleum products. Due to the limited number of plain in Miaoli area during Japanese Ruling Period, the quantity of agricultural products remained low and commercial trading never prospered. However, the region turned popular in mid period while different associations and combinations were established in Miaoli Da Zi, turning the region was financial and commercial center on Miaoli Street.
Overall, due to the State administration division and establishment of roads, railway and light rail, Miaoli Street was able to retain the position in politics, economics, and transportation center inherited from the Qing Dynasty for the nearby neighborhoods during Japanese Ruling Period, while the industrial development has showed growth in agricultural productivity due to the remediation and regulation of irrigation facilities, driving the prosperity in commerce, expansion in settlement and solidifying the foundation of development during the National Government Period.
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