Effect of Moso Bamboo Charcoal as Cultural Media on the Growth of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. capidata group )

• Main Authors: Hsueh-Ming Ho, 何學銘
• Other Authors: Han Chien Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60085607852455016056

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 林產科學暨家具工程學系研究所 === 100 === The study used bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla, Moso) charcoal to substitute the perlite of vegetable cultural medium. The effect of plug seedlings growth of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. capidata group), as an experimental vegetable seedling, was investigated. The experimental media with the ground substance were mixed with different carbonization temperatures (240, 300, 600, 700 oC) of charcoal and refined charcoal (the temperature at 550 - 750 oC), and the volume percents of charcoal and peat (15/85, v/v %) was used. To investigate the cabbage growth in plug seedlings and then to field planting with cultural media of Moso bamboo charcoal, the best biomass obtained from above results was the refined charcoal that was as the ground substance with the volume percents (7.5, 15 and 30 %) of charcoal in peat media. The bamboo vinegar (collected temperature at 80 - 150 oC from an earthen kiln) with the dilutions of 104 was watered in the bamboo charcoal cultural media during the plug seedlings and field planting of cabbage. The basic properties obtained that the iodine value of charcoals was ranged from 180.08 - 281.82 mg/g, and the perlite was 87.30 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of Moso bamboo charcoals was higher than that of perlite. The pH value and electrical conductivity (EC) of the charcoals was 7.15 - 9.23 and 1.0 - 1.2 ds/m, and the perlite was 5.89 and 0.01 ds/m. The physical properties of charcoals in media at the air-filled porosity, container capacity, total porosity and bulk density were 9.03 - 12.21%, 59.23 - 65.88 %, 69.66 - 75.08 % and 0.11 - 0.18 g/cm3. The bamboo charcoal in media is belonged to a type of lighter substance and closed to the ideal media. The biomass results of cabbage seedlings indicated that for the 35th days the dry weight, fresh weight and seedling index with the perlite in media were 0.12 g, 0.92 g and 0.10; the refined charcoal (by 550 - 750 oC) were 0.13 g,1.16 g and 0.13; the charcoal with 240 oC were 0.12 g, 0.97 g, and 0.10; the charcoal with 300 oC were 0.12 g, 1.15 g and 0.10; the charcoal with 600 oC were0.16 g, 1.16 g and 0.11; the charcoal with 700 oC were 0.17 g, 1.06 g and 0.12. The seedling index of the refined charcoal with 550 - 750 oC as the ground substance of cultural media was 0.13, and higher than that of the perlite, 0.10. From the results of the cabbage growth in plug seedlings and field planting with each cultural medium of Moso bamboo refined charcoal, the physical properties of charcoals in media at the air-filled porosity was 11.08 - 14.23 %; the container capacity was 58.25 - 65.83 %; the total porosity was 72.48 - 78.01 %; the bulk density was 0.13 - 0.19 g/cm3. The pH value, EC and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the cultural media were 6.39 - 7.02, 0.58 - 0.92 ds/m and 42.75 - 48.22 cmol/kg. It is indicated that the cultural media are closed the ideal media in service generally. The biomass of cabbage plug seedling growth obtained that after have been sowed for 28 days, the seedling index of the media with perlite was 0.0408, and the fresh weight were insignificant among the media with perlite (0.4526 g) and with either 15 or 30 % of charcoal (0.4259 g and 0.4727 g). However, the weight (36.40 g) and the total area (803.04 mm2) of leaf for cabbage, after has been planted in the field for 28 days, with the media with 15 % of charcoal was higher than these with the perlite. The results of production in the final field planting obtained that the weight and dimension of cabbage the media with 15 % of charcoal were 1245 g and 16.88 cm and were higher than these of the perlite (1177 g and 15.68 cm). From the above results, the physical and chemical properties,pH value, EC, and CEC of the cultural media with the refined charcoal by 550-750℃ at the 15 % of volume percent was better than these of the media with the perlite, as well as the biomass of plug seedlings and a cabbage weight, total area of leaf, dimension and weight of the cabbage were higher than these of the perlite. The study; therefore, suggests that using bamboo charcoal to substitute perlite in cultural media; it is possible to apply on the production of cabbage seedlings and field planting.