Occupational Safety Hazard Identification Methodology Development

• Main Authors: Long-yi Qiu, 邱瀧毅
• Other Authors: Shuh -woei Yu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2012
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74877515468020891580

碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 環境工程研究所 === 100 === Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control is a critical element of an occupational health and safety, OH&S, management system. An effective OH&S management system must be capable of controlling all risks of injury and ill health associated with an organization’s activities. This is achieved by developing a methodology for hazard identification and risk assessment, identifying hazards, estimating the associated risks, determining the acceptability of the risks and, finally, determining the appropriate risk controls. Significant hazard must be identified before any proper risk control can be designed implemented. The purpose of hazard identification is to recognize the source, situation or activity that has the potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health or both and define the hazard characteristics. The general hazard identification methodologies can be classified as process hazard analysis and occupational hazard analysis. The most commonly used hazard analysis methodology for process safety analysis is hazard and operability study, HazOp. However, unlike HazOp, well-defined and widely accepted methods for occupational hazard analysis do not exist. Most occupational health and safety management system standards or guidelines only provide principles or recommendations. It is up to the individual organizations to develop their own occupational hazard identification methods. Therefore, the aim of this study is to design an effective methodology for occupational hazard analysis. The proposed methodology combines the principles of checklist and job safety analysis. The rationale for choosing checklist is for its ease of use while job safety analysis is selected for its emphasis on breaking down a job into sequential procedures. iii Hazard identification principles of HSG65, BS 8800, OHSAS 18001, Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Management System Guidelines and the Singapore Ministry of Manpower’s risk assessment guidelines are adopted in designing the occupational hazard checklist. Elements of the checklist include work conditions such as work environment and location, equipment/tools/machinery involved, energy source and materials. From the work conditions, the source of hazard, possible accident scenarios and types of injury can then be identified. Effectiveness of the proposed occupational hazard identification technique is validated with three types of operations such as steel beam hanging, confined space entry and chemical tanker unloading. Test results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of effectively identifying physical and chemical hazards associated with different types of jobs.