| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 歷史研究所碩士在職專班 === 100 === Yeh Kung-Chao and the diplomacy of Republic of China (1949-1961)
Abstract
Yeh Kung-Chao, a former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of China, who had undeniably played an important role in the history of the diplomacy of Republic of China. His important contributions included conclusions of the “Treaty of Taipei (1952)”, “Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of China (1954)”, and the dealing with the admission of the Mongolian People''s Republic into UN in 1961.
In 1952, Yeh Kung-Chao strove to the sovereignty of Taiwan and Penghu at the Sino-Japanese Peace negotiation. This meeting left us four main contributions: 1. Negotiation of the nature of the treaty. 2. The disposing of property of puppet regimes. 3. The problem related to the property mentioned in the third article. 4. The solution of the argument on the meanings of terms "or" and "and".
After the conclusion of “Treaty of Taipei” in 1952, Yeh Kung-Chao still tried hard helping to bring about the “Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty” in 1954. Although he experienced a lot of difficulties through the process, he completed the mission of signing treaty in the interest of Republic of China. During this negociation Yeh Kung-Chao was in concert with the ambassador to the United States, Vi-Kyuin, Koo and their contributions mentioned above are the following: 1.The consensus of the scope of application on "Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty"; and seeking New Zealand for proposing the UN a resolution prohibiting changes of Taiwan Strait relationship 2. Both sides agreed to declare the defense treaty before the case proposed by NZ; 3. On the scope of application, the consensus on the limitation to Taiwan and Penghu, moreover, they reached an agreement on “the other areas” which was expanded to Kinmen and Matsu; 4. On the “Retaking the Chinese Mainland” policy, it fulfilled the Chiang Kai-Shek’s promise that Taiwan should strive for the grant of U.S. government’s before retake the Chinese Mainland.
In 1961 as the admission of the Mongolian People''s Republic into the United Nations, Yeh Kung-Chao and Chiang Kai-Shek both recognized that to use veto power on this issue was necessary. However, the situation was changed in 1961. As a result of the dispute between the U.S.A. and Taiwan on the deputy right of the Republic of Mongolia, the U.S. government accepted the agreement of the UN membership of Mauritania and the Republic of Mongolia required by CCCP to ensure representation of Taiwan in UN. Based on this position, the U.S. government expected that Taiwan had better not to use veto power to overrule the Republic of Mongolia from joining UN. In order to keep the relationship between U.S. government and Taiwan, Yeh Kung-Chao chose to operate in coordination with U.S. government and shifted his ground to the admission of the Mongolian People''s Republic into the UN. As a result of this shift, Yeh Kung-Chao was summoned to come back Taiwan.
Yeh Kung-Chao’s diplomatic thinking was that the Republic of China owned the sovereignty of Mainland China, Taiwan and Penghu. But, at the same time he also gave consideration to the importance of the position of U.S. government. On the other hand, he gave the honest opinion throughout his life. In this regard, it’s easy to forfeit his career if he held the opposite or different opinions with the superior. According to Yeh Kung-Chao’s saying, his personality was not suit for being a public employment. But we still cannot eliminate Yeh Kung-Chao’s contribution to the diplomatic history of our country.
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