| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 機械工程學系 === 100 === Ergometers, instead of outdoor cycling, were often used for bicycle studies. However, previous studies have demonstrated differences existed between cycling on ergometers and outdoor real roads. The purpose of this study was to establish a simulator to simulate environmental resistance of outdoor cycling, and to evaluate the feasibility of using the developed environmental resistance simulator to replace outdoor cycling. The approaches were to first establish a resistance simulator with a brake and a DC motor, and develop an algorithm to correlate the input current to the DC motor with corresponding outdoor conditions. Five healthy (untrained) subjects were recruited for this study. Each subject performed cycling outdoors on real-roads, with 2 slopes (level asphalt and 8%-slope uphill asphalt road) and 3 different cadences (40RPM, 60RPM and 80RPM), on an instrumented bike, and similar simulated resistance conditions indoors on the same instrumented bike. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from left vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), vastu medialis (VM), biceps femoris long head (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL). Coefficients of correlation and root mean square differences (RMSD) were employed to examine the feasibility of using indoor cycling on the developed environmental resistance simulator to simulate outdoor real-road cycling.
Low pedal force difference (Mean Absolute Error<0.2 and less than 22% resistance difference) between outdoor and indoor cycling demonstrated successful resistance simulation of our developed environmental resistance simulator. We found that most investigated muscles (VL, RF, BF, TA and GL) showed sufficient repeatability (significantly better than the statistical outliers of outdoor reproducibility under similar conditions) between indoor and outdoor cycling (with mean coefficients of correlation of 25%). We conclude that our developed indoor environmental resistance simulator could be used for simulating outdoor real-road cycling to induce similar lower-limb muscle activities.
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