| Summary: | 碩士 === 中國文化大學 === 俄國語文學系 === 99 === Title of dissertation:
Cross-Culture Specific of Gesture in Russian and Chinese Communication
Key words:
National-cultural specifics, paralanguage communication, ethno-cultural-specific elements, facial expressions (smile), gestures of Chinese and Russian
Name of Institute: Graduate Institute of Russian Language & Literature,Chinese
Culture University
Graduate date : June 2011
Degree conferred : Master
Name of student : Hsieh Hsin Chuang
謝欣娟 Advisor : Dmitri Voronin
德米特里 華洛寧
Research Aims and Objectives
The aim of this study is to investigate and integrate the nonverbal ethno-cultural iconic units in Russian and Chinese verbal communication.
1. Major direction of analysis: Learning of paralanguage communication methods
2. To present, integrate and list special gestures with equivalent ethno-cultural value in Russian and Chinese language and culture.
3. To justify the sources of formation of ethno-cultural-specific elements in nonverbal communication behaviors.
4. To attempt to integrate dictionary-type articles to present the difficulties in understanding Chinese gestures in Russian culture and mindset.
Chapter 1
The basic directions and history of paralinguistics were described with short articles. Short articles were applied to disclose the special functions of semiotics and the methodology of nonverbal communication research in terms of the learning path of linguistics and psychology. The formation of paralanguage studies into a science is mainly reflected in the historical background. In ancient Greece, gestures and facial expressions (smile) were already part of scientific and practical discourse. The evolution of paralanguage has led European civilization and brought significant contributions to intellectual thought, social structure and religious development.
First, the usage and functions of language and paralanguage described in classical rhetoric are nonverbal constituents. As a matter of fact, both language and gesture play important roles in the public speeches delivered by famous rhetoricians. This is because from past to present, such types of language and communication tools have been used to communicate and practice religious doctrines, philosophy, social science and political science in all social thought and at all social development stages. An argument is obtained: ethno-cultural gestures and features are developed from language, culture and tradition.
Chapter 2
Russian and Chinese rhetoric and culture reflect the ethnic features of language and tradition. A speech act is the product of the language and gestures formed with the features of the set historical background, socio-psychology and cultural psychology. Therefore, Russian and Chinese smiles and gestures have established the ethno-linguistic specificities of both languages. According to А. К. Михальская, the standard and style of a speech act are presented in public life, which is a collection of the complete set of communication rules and regularities (the specifics of life, the methods of inference, the forms and styles of speaking, and the shape of nonverbal communication behaviors). It is understandable that in addition to an actual description of the characteristics of the facial expressions (smile) and gestures of Russian and Chinese people, this study proposed the background, historical changes and regional differences of ethno-cultural uniqueness to analyze social and cultural communication habits.
Chapter 3
East-West: It is a more concrete comparison of the facial expressions (smile) and gestures of Russian and Chinese people, in order to propose the mutual influence of the ethno-cultural characteristics of facial expressions (smile) and gestures. As there is no equivalent for some Russian gestures in cultural linguistic terms, the Chinese (Taiwanese) ethno-cultural characteristics were compared after division.
Lastly, as the facial expression (smile) is one of the most common nonverbal communication symbols, the usage and meaning of facial expressions (smile) of Russian and Chinese (Taiwanese) people were delineated. Based on this research concept, the usage of Russian and Chinese (Taiwanese) proverbs and idioms were emphasized to contrast the communication habits of Russian and Chinese people on an ethno-cultural foundation. Hence, the ethno-cultural characteristics of paralanguage were analyzed based on the famous Contemporary Dictionary of Russian Gestures and a lexicographical approach. In the dictionary, the mission, purpose and structure of gestures were analyzed. A full description of the ethno-cultural characteristics of facial expressions (smile) and gestures is found in A Dictionary of Cultural Linguistics. In this study, finger counting between Russian and Chinese (Taiwanese) people were compared. The usage of these gestures in verbal communication, such as finger counting which apparently baffles people (finger counting is illustrated with pictures in the Appendix), was applied to verify the ethno-cultural uniqueness of paralanguage in cultural linguistics term.
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