| Summary: | 博士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 人類學研究所 === 99 === The intention of this research is to study the topic of 「The Inquiry to the Archaeological Culture transformation andthe Identity of People: The Archaeological Culture Transformation of the Tainan Area Since 2000 Years Age」, it’s based on European and American archeological history and development and attempted to analyze the viewpoints and methods of the studies including the cultural and historical archaeology, processual archaeology and post-processual archaeology. Further, the 「people」 of this study not only simply refers to the 「tribes」 or 「communities」 that can be found from historical data, but also refers to different ethnic groups identified by 「self」 from 「others」 according to the characteristics of religion, race, nation, language or geography. Through the discussion of the change of the archaeology culture, the research method of this research is to re-explain the context in the change of archeology culture. On the other hand, it is intented to re-examine the methodologies and theories related to the topic of this study through various cases analysis.
This research especially focused on the discussion across the 「prehistoric」 and 「historic」 frameworks of the cultural development from the later stage of Neolithic Age, early Metal Age to early Historic Age. The classification between 「prehistoric」 and 「historic」 periods will interfere the long-term thinking of the cultural changes and limit the discussion of the research methodology and purpose. Based on the concept of the 「long-term cultural transformation」 proposed by the Annales School, this study attempted to explain the context of this long-term culture transformation through the structural analysis of the historical development process. In the meantime, this study also attempted to analyze all kinds of factors affected the cultural change in order to explain the context of this long-term cultural transformation. It is intended to find an appropriate research method to study a specific region and establish the initial theory principles of the research topic by testing and verifying the methodology of this study.
This long-term archeology theory development can be concluded into three major research concepts and conscious of problems: the 「time」 concept and the application of research method, the role of materialistic culture and the research method, the transformation of archeology culture and the nature of the ethnicity. This research has taken different traditional archeology theories and the problems of the research context in archeology and ethnology to support the thinking of this study. To further test and prove the theory principles and research methods, this study has taken the transformation in archeology culture in Tainan region as example and divided the period into two stages. The first stage covers the period from late Neolithic Age to middle Metal Age (late Dahu culture ~middle Niaosong culture). The discussion started from the theme of the 「exchange relationship」 from different life styles. The second stage covers the period from the middle Metal Age to early Historic Age (middle Niaosong culture~early Historic Age). Two cases have been analyzed from the cultural encounter viewpoint. On one hand, it is hoped to re-explain the transformation of the cultural archeology in Tainan region since 2000 years ago. On the other hand, it is attempted to verify the theory principles and research method.
In general, this research initially analyzed the research method of the ethnic identification, clarified the structure of the long-term cultural transformation, explained the factors affected the cultural transformation, and attempted to conclude the research methods for understanding the formation and the identification of the people through the cultural change in archeology in Tainan region. However, various issues are involved in this study. This research can only verify and analyze the thesis based on a small time period and regional archeology cases. The future direction of research included the origin of archeology culture, exchange among different people, procedure of cultural encounter, regional history structure, explanation on the cultural transformation process, and construct the method and theory principles of Taiwan’s 「cultural transformation in archeology and identification of people」. In addition, theses topics will be analyzed through the archeology research center including the cultural history and systematic theories. It is hoped to rethink about the purpose of archeology from both the supportive 「history」 perspective and the constructive 「science」 viewpoint.
|
|---|
