| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 體育學系在職進修碩士班 === 99 === In this study, qualitative research is used to explore the key factors to success, that outstanding athletes would have undertaken in their career changes, and how would they make use of the characteristics cultivated from their past career trainings to develop their competence to meet the challenges of the future career, so that athletes, apart from pursuit of the eye-appealing medals and prize money, can better understand the issues they may face in their career journey, so as to re-examine and make plans for their own career development before retired from the athletic career.
This study takes semi-structured interviews for data collection. The three data analysis models of "Time, Theme and Context" used by Min-ling Tsai (1995) is taken as the analysis framework of this study, with which the key factors to successful career change of athletes are analyzed and explored. The first chapter of this paper is Introduction, immediately followed by Literature Reviews of the second chapter, in which career development related literatures are collected as the basis for research design and analysis. In Chapter 3, the research method and research process are explained. In Chapter 4, the study results out of the four participant objects illustrate the life patterns of SWOT analysis, which are used to analyze and evaluate key factors to career success, and in an effort to discover the common phase out of the five special phases in the career development period, and to identify the critical career factors in each of the phases. Chapter 5 is the Conclusion, in which the outline of the study findings and analysis as a whole is given to summarize the internal and external factors that influence the success to career change, and make research recommendations, in hope of using more diversified perspectives to understand the career development paths of retired athletes.
The conclusions of this study are as follows:
In the ongoing career courses of the four participant objects of the study, the key factors to their successes can be viewed from three aspects for the conclusion:
1. Personal factors: this comes with the claims from some domestic psychologists who believe athletes have the mental ability of pursuing excellence, and are able to simulate the change of circumstances and take positive attitudes towards it, in order to achieve the their goals.
2. Family factors: athletes are usually raised in parental democracy environment, but with rigorous discipline of life, and are treated with respect and spiritually supported, so that in their youth they can do their best to develop their own interests and abilities without any worries.
3. Environmental factors: The participant objects of the study know how to grasp their opportunities and make good use of their resources, so that each one of them has become a pioneer of their respective professions.
This study suggests that athletes should be prepared to face life and work, and proactively seek training opportunities to develop their second skills and enhance their professional knowledge, and work considerations should be driven by interest and sense of achievement, knowing how to apply self characteristics to the career change, and in the course of the career change, they should cultivate positive outlooks on lives and adequate stress-resistant capabilities, to set up goals, make good use of resources, so as to combine their advantages with their works for a better chance to secure success in their future careers (Tsung-Min Hung, 2003).
Athletes after retreating from their glorious stages can carry their sports career experiences with them, and as long as they understand their potential of sport and life, and convert the capabilities into the workplace and daily life, they will be able to continue their glories of lives on new stages (Tsung-Min Hung, 2002). In other words, for the successful career change, athletes need to know how to master the resources around them, and make good of use of their own advantages to strive and actively face their future lives with early preparations.
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