| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺中教育大學 === 幼兒教育學系碩士班 === 99 === The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of young children’s mathematic abilities with disadvantaged and advantaged family. This study mainly used a quantitative research method , 120 young children were measured by the Test of Early Mathematics Ability-second version , TEMA-II , ( the Chinese version of TEMA-II was translated by Huey-Xin Shu ) . All the sample’s family independent variables and dependent variables are analyzed by SPSS .that is, the data are analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and Analysis of Variance. Three clients with low scores of TEMA -II are investigated by the method of case study .
The main findings of this study are listed as follows :
1. There is a significant difference between disadvantaged and advantaged family regarding
parents’educational levels and occupation. But, there is no significant difference regarding parents’ marital status, whether the spouse is employed, and the children’s years of being in preschools or kindergartens.
2. Regarding the original total scores,informal mathematics ability and formal mathematic
ability, children with advantaged family are better than children with disadvantaged family.
3. On the variable of the parents’ background,the difference of children’s mathematics abilities are presented as follows:
（1）)The proportion of fathers with advantaged family including university or graduate school (including above) education level, the children’s concept of relatively big and small is better than the children’s fathers with associate bachelor degree.
（2）The proportion of fathers with white collar (including teachers and officers),the children’s early literacy for reading and writing numbers is better than the children’s fathers with blue collar.
（3）The kindergarten children with advantaged family, their parents marital status are separation, their scores of counting skills are better than the three motherless children of this investigation.
（4）The kindergarten children with advantaged family, their mothers are employed, their scores of counting skills are better than the counter part of children, which the mothers are not employed.
（5）The kindergarten children with advantaged family, the years of preschool education
are three years and more , their scores of counting skills are better than the counter part of children with one year or less of preschool education .
Based on the case study , three clients with low scores of TEMA-II presented mathematics difficulties at both formal and informal mathematic abilities. That is , the mental line and counting skills of informal and early literacy for reading and writing numbers of formal mathematic abilities.
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