| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東教育大學 === 數理教育研究所 === 99 === The purposes of this study were to analyze the similarities and differences between the instructional materials of fraction at the elementary level in Taiwan and Finland. Two mathematics textbooks that included official version in Taiwan and Laskutaito in English in Finland were be analyzed for achieving the study purposes.
The finding of this study indicated that both books emphasized on enhancing students’ ability in problem-solving through the textbook content learning. The textbook in Taiwan presented a complete problem-solving process for each example task, while the one from Finland only offers a brief question narrative for each example and exercise but twice the number of questions than textbook of Taiwan. Finland textbook provided students more learning opportunities. Besides, the instructional material of fraction accounts for the highest proportion of coverage in the 5th grade in Taiwan but in the 6th in the Finland. With regard the topic coverage and concept presentation, the basic definition of fraction presented in the spiral approach accounts for the highest proportion in both books. Concept illustration and operation process were presented in the former, but they appear only when addressing hints of key points in the latter. Most instructional span of fraction concept in Taiwan preceded the one in Finland; however, some of the issues are arranged in a different sequence that included unit fraction, mixed fraction, improper fraction, and number line. Considering the approach to present questions, both books hold representational types of question mostly in the mathematical attribute but knowledge types in the procedural knowledge. The proportion of the mathematical attribute and the procedural knowledge is above 50% in Finland, but they are equally distributed in Taiwan.
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