Effects of Glyphosate and Edifenphos on Acute Toxicity of Perionyx excavatus, Metaphire posthuma, and Eisenia fetida

• Main Authors: Samuel Shinn-Yuan Su, 蘇信元
• Other Authors: Shih-Hsiung Liang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2011
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27090474739539852792

碩士 === 國立高雄師範大學 === 生物科技系 === 99 === Acute toxic effects of a herbicide and a fungicide, glyphosate and edifenphos to three species earthworms (Perionyx excavates, Metaphire posthuma and Eisenia fetida) were evaluated by using OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) filter paper contact test methods. Mortality and abnormal morphology of earthworms exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate and edifenphos were examined. Glyphosate and edifenphos were toxic to three earthworm species and the severity of response increased with increasing pesticides concentrations. Morphology and behavior observations showed coiling, abnormal swelling, mucous secretion lesions and avoidance response. M. posthuma was the most sensitive species to glyphosate. The 24 and 48 h LC50 of M. posthuma for glyphosate was 0.3018 and 0.0988 mg/cm2, respectively. In terms of 48 h LC50 of M. posthuma for glyphosate is about 239% and 344% more sensitive to glyphosate than P. excavatus and E. fetida, respectively. P. excavatus was the most sensitive species to edifenphos. The 24 and 48 h LC50 of P. excavatus for edifenphos was 0.0037 and 0.0035 mg/cm2, respectively. In terms of 48 h LC50 of P. excavatus for edifenphos is about 269% and 906% more sensitive to edifenphos than M. posthuma and E. fetida, respectively. This study will advance toxicity research by using P. excavatus and M. posthuma as test organisms to assess pesticides contamination in soil ecosystems.