| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 機械工程學系碩博士班 === 99 === Paraxial optic, a branch of geometric optics, is a way to study axis symmetric optical system in paraxial area. If the system is the ideal optical system, the paraxial area and the non-paraxial area are applicable. Although the system is not ideal commonly, but the various aberrations have been corrected in the optical design process. In that way, the calculated results (such as the size, image location, etc.) by using paraxial optical are also correct in the non-paraxial optical area. Therefore, the paraxial optic just describes the forming image in the paraxial area, but it still does work in the non-paraxial optical area. Especially in the preliminary design stage of the optical system, the theory and formulas of the paraxial optics have important practical significance. In the beginning, we introduce the paraxial matrix ray tracing method; this method can track the paraxial rays in non-axis symmetric optical system. Then we use the ray tracing method to derive formulas of axis symmetric optical system. There are so many dazzling formulas in the textbooks, but we use the paraxial ray tracing method to derive the front and back focal length, effective front and back focal length and the node points. Finally, we discuss the image orientation change in prisms and use the analytical solutions to get the result.
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