| Summary: | 碩士 === 康寧大學 === 休閒資源暨綠色產業研究所 === 99 === Abstract
The agricultural developments have changed the surface of the earth since the 19th century. It not only filled the atmosphere with ample greenhouse gases but also affected the climate at that time. Nowadays, the UN Climate Summit expects every country to lower the CO2 concentration under 350p.p.m. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different temple-spatial characteristics of CO2 with variant land use, to find out the correlation between different environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and average wind speed, and to detect if the CO2 concentration possesses some Chaos phenomena with variant land use.
The study area is Ciao-tou District in Kaohsiung City which land use included the commercial area, industrial park and agricultural region. Therefore, the measurement locations were the farmland, commercial area, train station, elementary school and oil refinery. The time of measurements was set at 7 a.m., 2 p.m. and 6 p.m. daily during the winter and summer. Based on the related statistical analyses, this research finds out there are significant relationships between changes of the CO2 concentration and the temperature, humidity and average wind speed.
As to the time variation, the CO2 concentration appears to be the lowest in the morning at all 5 measurement locations. For the environmental factors, the higher the temperature gets, the lower the CO2 concentration is. In the meantime, when the temperature gets lower, the CO2 concentration tends to increase. As the humidity increases, the CO2 concentration increases, too. And when the average wind speed soars, the CO2 concentration reduces.
For the effects of space variation on the CO2 concentration with different land use, these 5 measurement locations reveal that, no matter what season it is, the levels of the CO2 concentration drop from the highest to the lowest in the order of the industrial area, train station, business section, farmland and elementary school. It also appears that the temperature and average wind speed have a significant negative correlation with the CO2 concentration by using Pearson correlation analyses. The humidity has a positive correlation with the CO2 concentration except for the industrial area in the winter.
For the seasonal variation, the CO2 concentration in the winter is higher than that in the summer; the changes of the CO2 concentration also fluctuate by a large margin in the winter. This study analyzed the CO2 concentration by the Correlation Dimension and Lyapunov Exponent Test. The results indicate that the correlation dimension value is between 5 and 6. The largest Lyapunov exponents are all positive . This proves that the CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity and average wind speed all carry Chaos phenomena with variant land use. It also proves that the CO2 concentration holds fixed-rate characteristics. It is non-random and predictable as well. These important characteristics can be applied to the space allocation plan when designing an industrial area to lower the concentration of carbon dioxide emissions.
Keywords: CO2 concentration, Chaos theory, average wind speed, land use
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