| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 職業安全衛生研究所 === 99 === Abstract
In the previous studies, it was observed that some health effects were related to air pollution. In most of these studies, the concentration of air pollutants was obtained from air monitoring stations. In the other studies, limited air pollutants were sampled to obtain an average concentration of a period of time. The trends of pollutants, the relationship between air pollutants, and even the health effect of accurate exposure were of little known. Children are more susceptible than adult due to their immature organ, and higher respiratory exchange rate. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to measuring children’s pulmonary function and pollutants in the classrooms. Pollutants including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3), particle matter for aerodynamic diameter less than 10micrometer (PM10), 2.5micrometer (PM2.5), 1micrometer (PM1) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) were monitored in real time as well as airborne bacteria and fungi measuring in the morning and afternoon in the classrooms of traffic, industry and background school in Kaohsiung City. We measured and the bioaerosol for morning and afternoon sampling in the classroom. Results showed that CO, O3, bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in school’s classroom may above the recommended values with the abnormal rate of 4.8%, 68.9%, 72.6%, and 22.6%, respectively. The associations between the concentration of air pollutants in classrooms and from monitoring station were poor. GEE’s result found that the traffic-related pollutants (CO and NO2) were significantly positively associated with UFPs in traffic and industry school but significantly negatively associated with UFPs in background school. We also found that the significantly positive association between O3 and UFPs in background school. In combination of the results of the trend of O3 and UFPs, we think the UFPs in traffic and industry school were mainly from traffic. However, in background school, UFPs may come from both traffic and photochemical reaction. Regarding the association between the air pollution and children’s pulmonary function in one pollutant model of mixed model, we found significantly negative association between UFPs and children’s forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in Industry school. In the two pollutants model, it was found that significantly negative association between O3 and forced vital capacity (FVC) after adjusting NO2 in traffic school, significantly negative association between UFPs and forced vital capacity (FVC) after adjusting the O3, as well as significantly negative association between CO and static vital capacity (VC) , CO and FVC, and CO and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) after adjusting the NO2 in background school. Overall, air pollution of school’s classrooms in Kaohsiung may need more attention.
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