| Summary: | 碩士 === 華梵大學 === 哲學系碩士班 === 99 === The National Health Insurance system has been established since 1995, the implementation so far has reached sixteen years. Although it’ s very effective for people to alleviate the economic burden in medical treatment, but with the expanding range of benefits and rising disputes such as insurance fee, drug price, etc. have increased the financial burden of health care. To face the burden of health insurance, the government has tried to increase the health insurance revenue. However, it has aroused the dispute that the health insurance system does not match the requirements of fairness and justice so that it led the health care reform.
This paper applied J. Rawls' Theory of Justice to view the current national health insurance system for the implementation and amendment. The philosophical analysis used two principles of justice to examine the current disputes of National Health Insurance. The first principle of justice, the principle of greatest equal liberty, indicates that everyone has equal rights to health. Since the right to health has become one of the universal values of human rights, the national health insurance system was subsumed in the Constitution, which aims to protect the health interests of the people and will not differ from individuals’ identity, gender, wealth, income or other conditions. The national health insurance system also meets the nature of the second principle, the principle of fair equality of opportunity, that everyone are equal to access the medication brought by the health insurance system.
In addition, the difference principle in the second principle of justice indicates that the existing national health insurance system are not correspondent to the spirit of the justice, such as insurance organizations, overseas insurance eligibility, insured subjects, insurance ground price, control measures, the local government deficit and so on. It is obvious to find out that the difference principle is aimed to improve the circumstances of those disadvantaged minorities. The principle also verified that the society anticipates national health insurance system to have the requirements of fairness and justice. The government should not only focus on the financial figures of revenue in the health insurance policy, but pay more attention to the spirit of justice in the national health insurance system, eliminating inequality caused by congenital unhealthy conditions and improving the position of disadvantaged minorities in order to maintain the equality of health rights and implement social justice into practice.
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