| Summary: | 碩士 === 華梵大學 === 哲學系碩士班 === 99 === Zhuangzi proposed the concept of “doing nothing in life” in the book of ‘Responding to Emperors and Kings’. Usually, when in discussion of Zhuangzi, that mean the man who as a longing for all will be extremely important figure in naturalistic. So how Zhuangzi put forward the concept of “doing nothing in life” in the chapter “Responding to Emperors and Kings”, it must look at how to responds to Zhuangzi “political” issue first. Accordance with the book “Zhuangzi” ,in chapter of the book discusses the point of view, Zhuangzi individuals to criticize the political system to begin, and believe that the political issues were a bound of human development, and it is impossible that human couldn’t lives in the primitive society without having visited each other, so the second best was become a country of to “govern by acting through inaction”, and it is a requirements for monarch.
In Zhuangzi the way to“govern by acting through inaction”, it is first that the way to cancellation and reflect which for the pursuit of knowledge for the country and a desire. The king ,Usually, gain the knowledge would must be that the promotion in the world , and obtain the stability of the country. Whenever, the sovereign hopes to stabilize its all power. According to Zhuangzi, this desire was the problem of monarch couldn't be the free in soul
Second, the question of “benevolence” concept, it the consciousness which is must be regarded a breakthrough. In the Confucianism, according to Zhuangzi, the consciousness “benevolence” was undermining the autonomy of human development. Of course, the “benevolence” undermines means that everyone has capable of independent living, and it become useless the “ benevolence ” includes useless items by country’s power. Thus, Zhuangzi try to explain the reasons for possible to set up a variety of point of view on “sage monarch” in political, and that’s why monarch must be implementation the way to “govern by acting through inaction”, it is that the autonomy as a starting point. Through the liberation of the mind of monarch, let the sovereign and the people can do their own thing, do not hate each other's identity.
In the chapter‘Responding to Emperors and Kings’, Zhuangzi opposed the monarch will of the individual forced to the people, rather than opposed to the operation of political. Zhuangzi believe that monarch and people as the same human beings, people does not need to concern by the monarch, and people can still live very well, and with nature integration even people can still live if no monarch and institutional constraints.
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