| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 日本語文學系 === 99 === This thesis focuses on the comparison of modern English loan words between Japanese and Mandarin. The database of Japanese loan words is mainly based on 512 idioms collected from “The Encyclopedia of Contemporary Words,” from year 2007 to 2010. In addition, the database of Mandarin loan words is chiefly based on 262 idioms collected from “A 21st Dictionary of Chinese New Words,” from year 2000 to 2006. The present thesis is aimed at comparing the English loan words in Japanese with the English loan words in Mandarin from five aspects: semantics, part of speech, writing systems, types of language, and word-formation.
From the semantic point of view, I used the “Word List by Semantic Principles” to categorize Japanese and Mandarin loan words. Both Japanese and Mandarin loan words shares the same result. They both have the maximum number of idioms categorized in nouns, with idioms categorized in verbs, following the second place, and the least number of idioms categorized in adjectives” Viewing from part of speech, both Japanese and Mandarin loan words have the most idioms categorized in nouns. Moreover, both Japanese and Mandarin loan words have idioms categorized in verbs occupying the second place. Similarly, both Japanese and Mandarin loan words have the least idioms categorized in adjectives. In the view of writing systems, Japanese loan words tend to use Katakana, English alphabets, and the combination of Katakana and Hiragana, while Mandarin loan words tend to use Kanji, English alphabets, and English words.
Viewing from the types of language in Japanese loan words, they have the most idioms classified into foreign loan words, with the idioms classified into the hybrid of Japanese and foreign loan words following the second place. They have the least idioms classified into the hybrid of Japanese and Chinese. As to the result of the types of language in Mandarin loan words, they have the most idioms classified into Chinese, with the idioms classified into foreign loan words occupying the second place, and the least idioms classified into the hybrid of Chinese and foreign loan words.
From the point of view of word-formation, the top three types of word-formation which Japanese loan words tend to use is as following: (1) The Combination Type: idioms classified here are compounds and change the original meaning from English (2) The Combination Type: idioms classified here are separate words and do not change the original meaning from English (3) The Ellipsis Type: idioms classified here are compounds and do not change the original meaning from English. The top three types of word-formation which Mandarin loan words tend to use is as following: (1) The Combination Type: idioms classified here are compounds and do not change the original meaning from English (2) The Borrowed Type: idioms classified here are separate words and do not change the original meaning from English (3) The Initial Letters Type: idioms classified here are compounds and do not change the original meaning from English.
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