| Summary: | 博士 === 輔仁大學 === 心理學系 === 99 === Diaspora, Retrospect ,and Rebirth:
Three Hakka Women’s Encounter and Articulation
Abstract
This is a thesis for Hakka female-subjective writings.
Being a female writing subject and a Hakka woman herself, the researcher proposed a life narrative study on which Hakka women who had moved to Taipei metropolitan from their home town, through her embedded social/culture/historic life experience, the ontological stance of “human is narrative”, and an epistemological vision of “inter-subjectivity”. The attempt was made to present the diverse local figures of and the connection among Hakka women by female-subjective writings.
After dialogue with Hakka women’s discourses, the researcher attempts to carry on an in-depth exploration from the cultural-psychoanalytic point of view, an attempt to uncover the possible correlations between a basic corporeal experience, that is, taste, and Hakka women’s body, labor, passion from Hakka diet characteristics - “saltiness”. Speaking of the Hakka women, the sense of “salty” experiences make the preservation of all goods and the hard-working habit their cultural disposition - - thriftiness, endurance and industriousness . Behind “the moral excellence” of sacrificial suffering, the Hakka women possibly had accepted some distortion of cultural disposition - - conservative and tasteless cultural disposition, as well as the cultural disposition of insisted masochism. Only when the individuals are able to be aware that “virtues par excellence” may as well be the social mental illness, can they develop their own agency of life, and find the further possibility of freedom . And then, the new culture subjectivity would be under construction by Hakka women themselves.
In order to reconstruct Hakka female subjective characteristics, the encounter and connection among three Hakka women were demonstrated by the researcher. Hakka women who was born and grew up in Hakka village often strongly inherited social cultural normative value from their mother culture. There are three Hakka women in this research who are: Daisy, Silky and the researcher. They are different individuals though, to share certain of social-political/cultural/systematic social related context in common. They encountered and connected each other with deep feeling towards Hakka especially from the labouring and memory of their sensed motherhood. Thus the “Weness” and “women in living” cohort renders them recognize and see each other in their varied social positions, and empower them to progress and develop their own capability of their own life practice.
Daisy is good at household skills from her early age, and the limited family resource forced her to stop her desired education. Reproduced rules from her mother’s view of being a good daughter-in-law leads her trapped in the contradiction which between obligation and her self. However, the participation of community affairs instilled her fresh flow to face adversity and better introspection. Silky is a intellectual modern Hakka woman. She cultured her subjectivity through narratives of “leaving home”, ”creating”, and “love”, and transfer it into body chanting, poem, paintings then as a vessel to convergence between Hakka culture and her self. Therefore, she may carry out her life with social connecting. I, the researcher, lingered between Hakka female writings, excavated the repressed Hakka feelings named vague. The features of body labouring for purchasing of transcendence in social rankings hence been understood. Additionally, the status of being an educator and a Hakka woman emerged and recognized again.
Inspired by encountering and articulation, “diaspora” was suggested and offered a possibility, that is, “diaspora” as an indicator not only bridge the gap between past and now, but also create a new possible way of life practice. Reflectiveness occurs when diaspora and hybirdity intertwined.
The last and most important is to discover and construct the “localization” of Hakka woman. Mainstream discourse implies Hakka women are virtuous diligent labourer should be abolished and replaced with diverse vision. Inter-subjectivity from life narrative research approach directed the best way for Hakka women and enable them to exhibit their multiple real appearances which are imbedded in the historic/ social/cultural localized context.
Keywords: Hakka women, diaspora, encounter, articulation, life narrative,
“localization” features
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