| Summary: | 碩士 === 中央警察大學 === 警察政策研究所 === 99 === Abstract
As the general public demand more services, the police have been responding with “ad hoc task force” operation as primary means to quickly suppress crime problems. This kind of "ad hoc" operation may proclaim the authorities’ determination to combat crime. But one may wonder if the responsive strategy actually solves the problem? What are the aspects that should be taken into consideration to form a well-conceived strategy which is welcomed and supported by rank-and-file officers? How do officers’ behavior, willingness and value systems affect their work performance? How do the police and the policed examine the effectiveness of such “ad hoc task force”? These are critical issues that deserve great attention and examination.
The first objective of this research is to answer the following questions. Is implementation of the current “Citizen First Task Force”. met the expectation from the rank-and-file officers and the general public? How to determine its effectiveness? The second objective examines the critical issues of top-down operation of this strategy. Since this strategy focuses a “top down" implementation model, the question remain on whether officers are entitled to exercise discretion while observing laws and regulations? In addition, are frontline officers acknowledge and support this approach? Or they are simply using counter-policy approaches? The third objective looks into the plausibility of employing Problem-Oriented Policing (COP) model to this “Citizen First Task Force”. To solve specific local recurrence crime and disorder and public safety issues, a US scholar, Herman Goldstein, in early 1980s proposed the Problem-Oriented Policing model to solve the problems. It is usually called SARA model with four major elements: Identify problems (Scanning), analyze the problem (Analysis), compose strategies (Response) and conduct assessment (Assessment). The SARA model has been widely emulated in the US and in the world. The author seeks to use SARA model to examine the effectiveness of “Citizen First Task Force”.
The author intends to achieve a number of goals. The first goal is to examine the formation of public policy using “Citizen First Task Force” as the example to test whether it meets the need for both rank-and-file officers and the citizens. The second goal aims at finding out how the laws and regulations affect frontline officer’s attitude (motive, willingness and value) and its impact on their performance. The third goal is to establish a viable crime fighting strategy and provides future reference for overall strategic planning, formulation and implementation.
With its focus on the implementation of police “ad hoc” anti-crime strategy, this study also examines the related theories, and the planning, implementation and relevant research on ad hoc strategies in this country. These research serve as the framework for the empirical analysis of this study. Major factors included in the study are environmental contextual variables, police project planning, policing project implementation, project evaluation and feedback. Contextual environment refers to directives from the Executive Yuan and the Ministry of the Interior and how these directives become the guidelines of police ad hoc strategies, such as “Citizen First Task Force”. Police strategy planning refers to the process and detailed content of planning the ad hoc strategy by National Police Criminal Investigation Bureau. Policing project implementation deals with the performance statistics from police departments nationwide. And lastly, project evaluation and feedback include the assessment and review of this ad hoc police strategy. The study population includes national and local police authorities and involves interviews with supervisors and frontline officers.
This study first suggests the formation of the police ad hoc strategy, such as “Citizen First Task Force” seem overly focused on theories without addressing the organizational communication, policy objectives and standard. Secondly, the policy incentive is too weak to affect frontline officers’ attitude. And finally the effectiveness of ad hoc strategy should be determined not only by the number of criminal cases, but also feedback and survey from the general public. For future research, the author recommends the following four suggestions: 1). Enhance the level of compliance to policy from the general public, 2). Conduct professional evaluation of strategy. 3). Strike a balance between performance and reward and 4). Put emphasis on crime analysis.
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