| Summary: | 博士 === 中央警察大學 === 鑑識科學研究所 === 99 === A successful identification work is dependent on two important factors. One is whether the valuable evidences can be observed in laboratory or crime science by investigators. The other is whether the evidences collected can be examined correctly and effectively. None of these factors can be abandoned. Therefore, the advanced studies for these issues were performed in this thesis. The results will be provided to the practice units for references of application.
In the area of searching and examining the evidences, the system of infrared and alternative light source were developed for searching latent evidences in this thesis. The results showed that it was improved for searching latent evidences and non-human body fluid by infrared and alternative light source. However, in the area for identification of collected evidences, we focused on both human and non-human DNA identification in this study. For human DNA identification, analysis of the mitochondrial D-loop region for aboriginal populations in Taiwan was performed. The information can be provided as references for maternal blood relationship on forensic application. The distribution variations of mitochondrial D-loop sequences in 363 Taiwan aboriginal samples were analyzed in this study. Among these sequences, totally there were 234 haplotypes observed. Comparing with 146 haplotypes from 155 Taiwan Han samples, there are only two haplotypes shared between aboriginal populations and Taiwan Han population. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the database of aboriginal populations in Taiwan. For non-human DNA identification, there were 39 specimens from suspected conservation animals examined with mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene in this study. The data of sequences were compared with GenBank, and it showed that the similarities with the most similar species were more than 98%. The results of DNA identification matched with the morphology examination. Therefore, the established method of DNA identification showed high reliability. However, due to the insufficient sequences of turtle species in databank, some of the turtle specimens could not be identified to the respective species successfully. More definite and reliable results for animal species identification will be obtained by enriching the databank. The systems and methods established in this thesis have been used by practice units, for example in fast screening and detecting forensic evidences, and unambiguously identifying the disaster victim in Typhoon Morakot, and suspected animal specimens. It is a benefit for the justice units to attack the illegal and protect the legal behaviors.
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