| Summary: | 碩士 === 中華科技大學 === 土木防災工程研究所在職專班 === 99 === Taiwan topography is steep, the brook source short class is anxious, is the mountainous region hilly ground approximately composes the entire Taiwan land ratio 76%, suits the high strength development area to be narrow and small, in accordance to the social economy launching, the plain and the basin area several has reached the high density development condition, the cause hilly land the development and the use gradually becomes the tendency, however after 1999 921 volumes of big earthquakes, the hillside soil texture shape is softer, the rock layer is staver, adds the typhoon, the torrential rain to corrode again, the national earth flow disaster occurs keeps pouring, and recent years because of global climate warming phenomenon, cause climatic characteristics change. Taiwan rainfall becomes both quickly and concentrates anxiously, often in 1 day, namely lowers this local annual mean rainfall, like in 2009 the Molake typhoon, in 2010 the plum professional female entertainer typhoon, forms the earth flow to submerge the Xiaolin village, creates local floods and so on Bingdong, Taitung, Yilan.
Creates the earth flow disaster, besides Taiwan inborn terrain geology not good and global climate vicissitude (Climate Change), another principal factor is earth flow and so on hilly land area, catchment area dives the potential region overdevelopment result. Present government regarding land development use, although formulates has non-metropolis plan land use law limits and so on control rule, water and soil conservation method, but regarding has completed the exploiter, many by legitimate way agreement maintenance always use, when the typhoon attack or has the bold heavy rain, these areas have the possibility are extremely disaster of the next earth flow damage the area.
Dives resident of regarding the position earth flow disaster as well as the private property the potential region, the unusual Local authority is willing to levy this region land evacuation resident, practices to the disaster the highest disaster prevention principle, the present stage Government department rests on creates the earth flow quantity main origin “the rainfall”, evaluation earth flow security value, when the accumulation rainfall reaches the security value, before sentences in advance possibly has the disaster, the basis usually establishes it “the earth flow disaster prevention dispersal to seek asylum the plan”, the start evacuation measure, achieves to the disaster goal, although this measure may the part achieve opportunity of effectively the accurate evacuation, but still had its risk.
After the statistical survey, recent years Taiwan regional climate exceptionally changed, besides the typhoon, the bold heavy rain had the probability also changes frequent, even on 1st the rainfall amount reached as high as the local average annual rainfall the astonishing rainfall intensity, in had issued that the earth flow dived in the potential area, when some areas the typhoon or had the bold heavy rain, the accumulation rainfall then reached the earth flow security value evacuation standard, might say that the evacuation number of times was frequent, the such local land should carry out the compulsion collection measure, only then could achieve truly is far away from goal of the earth flow disaster, after and might reduce the disaster occurred when the personnel casualty, the rescue, the disaster, social cost disbursements and so on restoration.
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