| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺南藝術大學 === 民族音樂學研究所 === 98 === This paper is to explore which role the musical instrument Sheng has been playing in the ancient and contemporary Traditional Chinese Music. The main points of the thesis are as following. First, it is to conduct its research and study on the unearthed historic relics and documents relating to Sheng and Yu, and how they were applied in the folk music, as well as how the use of reed and the number of pipes in the instruments changed. And then it probes into the relationship between performance skills and instrument refinement, which is closely connected with the development and formation of the contemporary Traditional Chinese music, and to understand the combination and interaction between Sheng and the contemporary musical ensemble.
The record of Sheng and Yu can be tracked back as early as Yin dynasty. Yu has as many as 36 Huang during Warring period, while during the two Han dynasty, it had either 22 or 23 Huang , but in Sui Dynasty Yu with 19 Huang has become the mainstream musical instrument. Sheng was consisted of Yu and Chao in Song Dynasty. Right after Qing Dynasty there was even a Sheng with 17pipes and 10 Huang. The Tatong Concert after the May 4th movement in 1919 and the foundation of Central Radio Music in 1935 shaped today’s contemporary Traditional Chinese Music and reformed the musical family of Sheng. From the volume reformation which added audio amplifier pipe to 17 Huang Sheng to the change of gamut for 21 and 36 Huang Sheng. Among all, mantel shaped Sheng and square shaped ones are those who’ve been dramatically reformed. As a result, the series of reformation has devided Sheng into two ways of performing, solo of traditional Sheng and ensemble of keystroke Sheng.
Sheng plays an essential role in the contemporary Traditional Chinese Music today, also the middle-pitched Sheng and low-pitched Sheng performers are increasing. The traditional Sheng has gradually given way to the big-scale keystroke Sheng. The contemporary Traditional Chinese Music became more and more relies on Sheng to complete its music. While editing their pieces, Composers too has found the significance and independence of Sheng family in melodies and concords. This is the phenomena that this article intended to present to all.
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