Evaluation Environmental Friendly Vehicles Reduction and Subsidies Mechanism Benefits-Application Environmental and Health Co-benefits Model

• Main Authors: Yen-Kuang Lin, 林彥光
• Other Authors: 曾昭衡
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dkd4kr

碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 環境工程與管理研究所 === 98 === In recent years, the problem of polluted emission from traffic has increased dramatically that cause a huge damage on ecological environment and human body. As the global issue of carbon emission reduction and the concerns of saving energy or green energy rising, the environmental-friendly vehicles have been produced in the time of high oil prices which even become the emerging green transportation in the 21st century. The development of environmental-friendly vehicles not only makes a substantial reduction of pollutants, but also leads to actual benefits to the society. The study, using" Application Model of Environment and Health Co-benefits" quantified the integration of economic and health benefit (including the increase of average life expectancy and the reduction for the annual expenditure of medical treatment. Analyzing consumers preferences and willingness to environmental-friendly vehicles through questionnaires, we evaluate the appropriateness of subsidies funding mechanism according to cost-benefit to provide recommendations for improvement. The results show that the electric vehicle have more benefit than other four types of environmental-friendly vehicles, because it can save the expenditure of medical treatment 1,082 (NT$ / year*vehicle), and help to increase of average life expectancy 5,786 (person*day / vehicle), followed by the new diesel engine vehicle that can save 1,041 dollars and increase 5,631 days; the hybrid vehicle saves 942 dollars and increases 5,031 days; with the least benefit, the liquefied petroleum car save 831 dollars and increase 4,730 days. The questionnaire analysis showed that consumers have more willingness to pay 20,000, 60,000, 100,000, and 100,000 (NT$ / year*vehicle) respectively when they know the” Economic benefit” for LPG, new diesel engine vehicles, hybrid vehicle, and electric vehicles. They have willingness to 30,000, 80,000, 125,000, and 150,000 (NT$ / year*vehicle) respectively when they know the” Health benefit” for LPG, new diesel engine vehicles, hybrid vehicle, electric vehicles. The amount of willing-to-pay has increased by 25% to 50% after knowing the health benefits for each environmental-friendly vehicles than that for knowing the related economic costs; therefore, it shows that people would pay more and more attention to the environmental and health benefits. To discuss these reduction operations, the best cost-benefit ratio is 7.63 for LPG vehicles, followed by 1.01 for new diesel engine vehicles, 0.33 for electric vehicles and 0.31 for hybrid vehicles. The main reason for this result is that LPG vehicles have the lowest investment cost among all environmental-friendly vehicles because people only pay NT$50,000 to NT$70,000 more for the refit expense than that for gasoline vehicles; therefore LPG vehicles have the maxi whole cost-benefit ratio. Further to study the hybrid cars and electric vehicles with less than 1 cost-benefit ratio, it is assuming that the money people are willing to pay for the refit has no change, car merchants subject to the technological improvements and mass production, and lower the costs to NT$387,730, 562,440 per vehicle respectively, amount of government subsidies is NT$177,270, NT$287,560 per vehicle respectively through additional taxes and air pollution fee, and the government subsidy cost-benefit ratio is one at this time which shows the relatively equal to the effectiveness of feedback. After the activation of energy tax in the future, liquefied petroleum gas vehicles can save running cost 4,696 (NT$ / year*vehicle),it is the best among four types of environmental-friendly vehicles. However, gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles and hybrid vehicles will have increased cost of 5,200, 3,682, 903(NT$ / year*vehicle). This makes no difference to the electric vehicle. Besides, after the activation of energy tax, the liquefied petroleum vehicle is the best for cost-benefit, and all of cost-benefit ratio will increase. Therefore, it shows that the introduction and activation of energy tax will benefit the society in real terms. Finally, this study focuses on three different points of view (the government, car manufacturers, and consumers) to provide the suitable suggestions and the future possible plans.