| Summary: | 碩士 === 南台科技大學 === 生物科技系 === 98 === For many years, the academic and industrial circles have paid much attention on the
polysaccharides in mushrooms. And many studies have explored the content of
polysaccharides and the functional evaluation in some buyable mushrooms in Taiwan,
also attribute the success in anti-tumor and increase the immune system to β-Glucan
in polysaccharides. Nevertheless, there still have no contrast between the content of
polysaccharides and the content of β-Glucan. Therefore, this study will focus on the
polysaccharides testing and the content in β-Glucan, try discussing the differences
between them.
In the study, we’ve found the optimum temperature of phenol sulfuric acid method
of extraction is 80℃ in medicinal mushrooms, the best time in extraction is 2 hours,
besides, and the content of polysaccharides in Cordyceps militar is the highest; for
edible mushroom, the optimum temperature of extraction in polysaccharides is 100℃,
and the optimum time in extraction is 6 hours, except Lentinula edodes which needs
only 4 hours; furthermore, the content of polysaccharides in Pleurotus eryngii is the
highest. We find that the different ways of extraction will affect the yield in the
content of polysaccharides.
As to the content of (1-3,1-6) β-Glucan, the highest one in medicinal mushrooms is
Antrodia cinnamomea; and the highest one in edible mushrooms is Pleurotus eryngii.
Besides, under the test of the content of polysaccharides in buyable polysaccharides
drink, we’ve found while under the room temperature, the content of polysaccharides
will decrease by time, except from (1-3,1-6) β-Glucan. According to this, we consider
that the content of polysaccharides under the test of phenol sulfuric acid method can
not represent the content of β-Glucan.
Since the mushroom in Taiwan has been polluted by heave metals, we’ve done test in the content of different heavy metals in most of the fruiting body extract, and
polysaccharides drinks in the market. The result shows that only lead (Pb) in Agaricus
blazei is exceeding the standard of the Department of Health (Food Sanitation
Management Law), and because of Agaricus blazei have great ability in enriching
heavy metal, like cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), we can do further way to solve this
problem.
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